Warming Up ＆ Reading

What is first aid? First aid is a _________ form of_____ given to someone who suddenly _____ or _________ before a doctor can be found. Often the illness or injury is _____, but there are______ when giving first aid quickly can _______. help falls illgets injured not seriousother times save lives temporary Please underline the missing words onP33

What would you do in the following situations? Choose the best answers.

1. The best way to treat a hurt ankle is to ____. A. put an ice pack on your ankle B. put a heating pad around your ankle C. keep on walking and jumping A

2. To treat a burn, you _________. A. rub some butter on it B. hold the burnt part under cold running water C. put salt on the burnt part B

3. You should wait at least five minutes before touching somebody who has been struck by lightning, or you might get a shock. A. True B. False B

4. To treat a choke, you should make him / her spit by patting him / her on the back. A. True B. False A

a snake bite

The person bitten must get a doctor or go to hospital at once. Speed is very important. It will help the doctor greatly if you can tell him what kind of snake it was, or describe the situation.

bleeding

Try to stop the bleeding. Press a handkerchief onto the bleeding point and hold it there. Hold up the part of body which is bleeding if possible.

a sprained ankle

Tie him with medical bandage. It is better to avoid walking with the injured ankle. It is correct to use ice bag for removing pain and bleeding, and also not influence our own body healing.

choking

Make him / her spit by patting him / her on the back. To avoid choking, we shouldn’t talk or laugh when eating.

a broken arm

Do not move the patient. Support the broken arm in the most comfortable position. Get medical help immediately.

a bloody nose

Stay calm. Breathe through the mouth, not the nose. Sit up and bend the head slightly forward. Pinch both nostrils shut using a thumb and forefinger. Spit out any blood that collects in the mouth.

There are usually a lot of accidents in our daily life. What would you do in such situations? What knowledge should we have?

Pre-reading 1.What will the passage be about? 2. What do they tell you about the passage? First aid for burns. Causes, types, characteristics and first aid treatment for burns.

Fast reading  In which order are these topics covered in the text? Number them from 1 to 5. _____ the three types of burns _____ what to do if someone gets burned _____ the purpose of skin _____ the symptoms of burns _____ how we get burns

 Find out the main idea of each part. Part 1 Part 2 Part 3 Part 4 Part 5 The purpose / function of skin Causes of burns Types of burns: First degree burns, Second degree burns, Third degree burns Characteristics of burns First aid treatment hot liquids, steam, fire, radiation, the sun, electricity, chemicals Careful reading

1.Our skin has three layers. 2.We will never get burned by the sun. 3.Burns are divided into three degrees according to the degree of pain. 4.Third degree burns are the most serious and painful.  Tell if the following statements are true or false. T F F F

5. Put cool water on any burns to cool them. 6. Don’t rub the burns. 7. It’s better that you put some butter or oil on burns. F T T

TypeEffectExample First degree burns Affect both the top and the second layer of the skin. Burns caused by electric shocks, burning clothes, or severe petrol fires. Affect only the top layer of the skin. Second degree burns Third degree burns mild sunburn, burns caused by touching a hot pan or iron for a moment Severe sunburn, burns caused by hot liquids Affect all three layers of the skin and any tissue and organs under the skin. Types of burns

1. Why should you put cold water on a burn? 2. Why doesn ’ t a third degree burn hurt? Because the cold water stops the burning process, stops the pain and reduces the swelling. Because in a third degree burn the nerves are damaged. If there are no nerves, there is no pain. Answer the following questions.

3. Why do you think clothes and jewellery near burns should be removed? 4. If someone has a third degree burn, why might you see tissue? Because this may break any blisters and the wound may get infected. Because these affect all three layers of the skin and any tissue and organs under the skin.

_____ the three types of burns ____what to do if someone gets burned _____the functions of skin _____the symptoms of burns _____how we get burns 1. Skim the text to find in which order are these topics covered in the text? Number them from 1 to 5.(P35 Exercise1)

steam fire the sunelectricitychemicals hot liquids radiation 3.What are the causes of burns?

1:_______ clothing using scissors if necessary. _______ _____ jewellery near the burn. 2: ______ burns immediately with cool but not icy water for about 10 minutes. 3 _____ cool,clean wet cloths on burns until the pain is not so bad. 4:_____ the burned area gently. 5:______ the burned area with a dry and clean bandage. 6 :If burns are on arms or legs,keep them _____ than the heart,if possible.If burns are on the face, the victim should ___ ___. 7:______ the victim to the hospital if serious Dos for burns Remove Take off Cool Place Dry Cover Get higer situp

Don'ts for burns 1.Do not put____ ____ on third degree burns. 2.Do not ___ the burned area,as this may___ any blisters and the wound____ ______. 3._____ put _____ ___ or ______ on burns as they keep the heat in the wounds and may cause infection. coldwater rubbreak getinfected Neverbutter oilointment

Life is precious ( 珍贵的） ! First aid can save people’s lives.

What has happened to them? What can you do to help them?