6 th Grade Assignment  Title Page – Disease and student names  Introduction – Write last  2 slides for each student’s disease  5-8 symptoms of the disease  Pictures of people with the disease (nice pictures)  Treatment of the disease  Which chromosome is involved?  Number of people who have the disease  Conclusion – Write second last

7 th Grade Assignment  1 st Par –  Who discovered?  List symptoms  What population, nationality, or gender is affected?  Spelling  Complete Sentences  Varied Sentence Structure

 2nd Par –  How is it treated?  What tests are used to diagnose?  3rd Par –  What chromosome is this disease found on?  What year was the disease identified and how long until it was associated with being a genetically transferred disease?  Discuss any other genetic connections you learned about as you investigated this disease.  How many people have this disease?

 Male = XY sex chromosomes  Female = XX sex chromosomes  Father determines the sex of baby.  How?  X or Y in the sperm  ½ set of chromosomes has only one sex chromosome

 Alleles – different forms of the same gene  Blood types A, B, AB, O  Alleles A, B, O  Controlled by Chromosome 9  Combinations  Blood type A AO or AA  Blood type BBB or BO  Blood type AB AB  Blood type O OO

 If one parent is blood type A and the other blood type O what are the possible children blood types?

 If a parent is blood type A and the other parent is blood type B what are the possible blood types of their children?

 Universal donor?  No antigens…  Universal receiver of blood?  Have all the different antigens already in blood…

 Alters the shape of the red blood cells  A = normal allele for red blood cells  S = sickle cell allele for red blood cells  AA = normal blood type  AS = carrier of sickle cell (1/2 of cells are normal)  SS = sickle cell disease

 Identical twins  Same egg and same sperm = same DNA  Have to be the same sex (two sisters) .5 % of total population  Fraternal twins  Different egg and different sperm = diff DNA  Same sex or different sex (two brothers or a brother and sister)

 Traits that are carried on the X chromosome  Can mothers pass traits to sons?  Can fathers pass traits to sons?  Can mothers pass traits to daughters?  Can fathers pass traits to daughters?

 Hemophilia  “bleeder’s disease”  blood clots abnormally slowly or not at all  Ryan White died in 1990 from hemophilia, contracted AIDS from a blood transfusion, which is necessary for hemophiliacs when they bleed from injuries often.  Royal family has a history of hemo… page 68  QEII does her line have H… in it today?

 Hemophilia  Colorblindness – can’t distinguish between colors  Male patterned baldness

 Shows the size, number, and shape of all the chromosomes in an organism  47 chromosomes  Trisomy chromosomes in a pair  Down Syndrome  Amniocentesis – test for down syndrome

1 Do you support abortion? 2 Would you abort a Down Syndrome child? 3 Does the state have the right to force a couple to abort an unborn handicap child? 4 Would you want to genetically engineer your child? 5 Should it be helping people who are very sick to kill themselves?

 Amniocentesis – removal of small amount of fluid from sac that surrounds the baby (baby cells are in the fluid – test done between weeks  Other tests can be done at weeks CVS  No cures for genetic disorders WHY?  1982 – doctors tested a drug that was to change the cells of Sickle Cell page 71  1989 – identifies gene responsible for cystic fibrosis and changed the gene in the cell and it became normal???

 1:700 births  Most common syndrome  1866 JL Down  Flat broad hands  Flat bridge of nose  Flat space between 1 st and 2 nd toe

 Can we detect genetic disorders?  Can we cure genetic disorders?  What do we do if we can’t cure the disorder?  ABORTION  TAXPAYERS PAY TO KEEP THESE CHILDREN  INSURANCE PRICES ???  SOCIETIES COST ???  IS THIS SCIENCE OR RELIGION OR MORALS?

 Definition – the rules a society lives by  What morals do you live by?  Make a list of what rules you live by.  Put the things that are good on the right.  Put the things that are wrong on the left.

 Karyotype  Incomplete Dominance  Multiple Alleles  Sex-Linked Traits  Pedigree

KKaryotype - pairing of chromatids NNondisjunction OOccurs during meiosis when chromosomes do not separate properly PPedigree shows members of a family AAmniocentesis - tests fluid around the baby for genetic disorders CCodominant – capital letters for all alleles

 DNA molecules= basic substances of heredity  DNA stores and passes genetic information  The discovery of DNA was most important discovery of 20 th century

1 Name the 4 blood types 2 How many different alleles are there for blood type? 3 Name the two different arrangements of alleles for blood type A 4 Name the most uncommon type of blood 5 Name a blood type that has two different antigens.

6. What do we call a picture that shows all your relatives and who had a specific disorder? 7. What gender are you if you have an XY chromosome? 8. Who is the universal donor for blood? 9. Describe what a sickle cell anemia blood cell looks like?

10. Can a sickle cell father pass the disease on to his son? 11. Name 3 diseases that are sex-linked traits. 12. What does it mean when a trait is a sex- linked trait? 13. Describe what a sickle cell anemia blood cell looks like? 14. What do we call the test that removes fluid from next to the baby and does a karyotype?

1. Read directions 2. Only father flips for gender of baby 3. Record an H or T depending on the flip of the coin 4. Record the genotype from the key 5. Record the phenotype from the key