Mr. Kuhn Class Three Shape of the Day Video: What Was the Mandate of Heaven? Presentation: The Zhou Dynasty Group Work: Chinese Philosophies Work Sheet: Confucius and Human Nature

In pairs discuss the following question… What was “The Mandate of Heaven?” The idea that the emperor, the son of Heaven, has the support of gods as long as he rules correctly

What was the Zhou Dynasty? In 1027 B.C.E, the Zhou rulers attacked and replaced the Shang Dynasty in China The Zhou defended their decision by claiming the Shang rulers had failed the people and had therefore lost the Mandate of Heaven

With the Zhou Dynasty, the borders of China grew

How was it organised? Like the Shang, the Zhou was separated into territories, each ruled by a lord The rulers of the three territories owed both loyalty and tribute to the Zhou King The Lords were responsible for both the land and the peasants of their territory

The Zhou Dynasty and Chinese Philosophy

The Lower Class The lower class was made up of peasants, merchants, and artisans Like in Shang, the lower classes owed the following to the nobles: Food Labour Military Service

Improvements by the Zhou Roads and Canals were created which made transportation much easier and faster Farming was improved and food production grew immensely due to irrigation projects

Did You Know: Rice China eats more rice than any other country in the world. They eat 135 million metric tonnes a year 3.5 Billion people around the world depend on rice to live Rice was placed in ancient Chinese walls for strength and stability Elephants often way a metric tonne. Now rethink about how much rice the Chinese eat

Modern Chinese Writing Iron While there were few examples of iron being used in the Shang Dynasty, by the Zhou it became more common Modern Chinese Writing Modern Chinese writing was created during this period Money The Zhou Dynasty was one of the first civilizations to have a currency

A Few Things About Money… What did people use before money? Shells, bat feces, cows, gold, favours, ect… China was the first country to create paper money, this happened 1500 years ago Not only did China create paper money, it has the most of it. As of 2014 China now has the biggest economy at $17.6 Trillion

The Fall of the Zhou In the 8th century BCE, the Zhou Dynasty began to fall apart The Lords of the three territories all began to fight for more land and take over the dynasty By 770 BCE, the King of the Zhou Dynasty was forced to flee east to Luoyang

The fighting became so severe that the years from 481-256 BCE were called the “Warring States” period By 256 BCE, the Zhou Dynasty collapsed

Chinese Philosophy Jigsaw You will be numbered off into groups of four (remember your number) Depending on your number, you will be describing a different Chinese Philosophy One: Confucianism (p.82) Two: Legalism (p.83) Three: Daoism (p. 85) Four: Buddhism (p.91) In the middle, your group will list any similarities that the philosophies you are describing share Questions to Answer Who created your philosophy? What does your philosophy believe? How did it effect the history of China? 5 1 2 3 4