And, we’re not talking about the University of Miami.

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Presentation transcript:

And, we’re not talking about the University of Miami.

What is a hurricane? Hurricanes are examples of tropical cyclones found in the western North Atlantic. This type of storm is known in other locations as a cyclone or a typhoon. Hurricanes begin life as an area of low pressure that forms off the western shore of sub-Saharan Africa. Due to the Coriolis Effect, low pressure systems rotate in a counter-clockwise manner in the Northern Hemisphere. (opposite in Southern Hemisphere) This area is known as the “hurricane nursery”. These low pressure systems move westward due to prevailing winds. As they move across warm equatorial waters, some gain strength and merge with other lows to form tropical depressions.

Hurricane Nursery

What is a hurricane? (continued) As these depressions develop, they are identified and assigned an identifying number. If the system continues to grow into a tropical storm, a name is assigned. There exist six lists of 26 names used to identify hurricanes. They are used in sequential years. If a hurricane causes significant monetary damages or loss of life, the name is retired out of sensitivity for those affected.

Select retired Hurricane names Agnes (1972) – struck mid-Atlantic seaboard. Andrew (1992) – struck southern Florida. Camille (1969) – struck Gulf Coast. Floyd (1999) – struck mid-Atlantic seaboard. Isabel (2003) – struck mid-Atlantic seaboard. Katrina (2005) – struck Florida and Gulf Coast.

Classification of Hurricanes Based on wind strength. Saffir-Simpson scale. Damages increase exponentially as wind speed increases in a linear fashion.

Hurricane structure Hurricanes are orderly storms with predictable and consistent organization. The “eye” of a hurricane is its most notable feature. The eye is the central feature and is an area of calm winds and few, if any, clouds. The storm circulates around this area, which possesses the lowest atmospheric pressure in the system. The “eye wall” is the a ring of very powerful thunderstorms which are closest to the eye. Due to angular momentum, the winds in this region are the strongest and do the most damage. “Rainbands” are rings of thunderstorms that spiral in towards the eye. As they move toward the eye, they often merge and gain strength.

Hurricane structure (continued)

Hurricane lifespan Formation begins in tropical waters off west coast of sub-Saharan Africa. Low pressure system begins trek westward over warm tropical waters (up to 1 week). Storm gains strength and begins to veer toward north, due to influence of westerly winds (up to 1 week). If the storm continues over warm water (Gulf Stream), it will continue to gain strength (2-3 days). Once the storm makes landfall, it will begin to dissipate (may take 5 days to completely dissipate).