Copyright © 2015, 2012, 2009 Pearson Education, Inc. All Rights Reserved Personality Sixth edition Chapter 8 Trait Aspects of Personality

Copyright © 2015, 2012, 2009 Pearson Education, Inc. All Rights Reserved Modules Introduction: Trait Aspects of Personality 8.1: The History of Trait Approaches 8.2: Gordon Allport’s Trait Psychology 8.3: The Big Five 8.4: Personality Judgments 8.5: Types 8.6: Motives 8.7: Expressive Style Conclusion: Trait Aspects of Personality

Copyright © 2015, 2012, 2009 Pearson Education, Inc. All Rights Reserved Learning Objectives (1 of 2) 8.1: Evaluate the development of different approaches to analyzing traits 8.2: Analyze the claims made by Gordon Allport’s trait psychology 8.3: Examine the five dimensions of the most common trait approaches to personality 8.4: Examine how people judge the personalities of other people

Copyright © 2015, 2012, 2009 Pearson Education, Inc. All Rights Reserved Learning Objectives (1 of 2) 8.5: Review the concept of personality types 8.6: Use the concept of motive to understand personality 8.7: Scrutinize the relationship between personality and expressive style

Copyright © 2015, 2012, 2009 Pearson Education, Inc. All Rights Reserved Introduction: Trait Aspects of Personality? Different approaches to analyzing traits Five dimensions of most common trait approaches to personality

Copyright © 2015, 2012, 2009 Pearson Education, Inc. All Rights Reserved Objective: Evaluate the development of different approaches to analyzing traits Traits for characters in stories Greek contribution Modern approaches 8.1: The History of Trait Approaches

Copyright © 2015, 2012, 2009 Pearson Education, Inc. All Rights Reserved 8.1.1: Jung’s Extroversion and Introversion Trait approaches Myers-Brigg Type Indicator

Copyright © 2015, 2012, 2009 Pearson Education, Inc. All Rights Reserved 8.1.2: The Use of Statistics Factor analysis Cattell’s approach

Copyright © 2015, 2012, 2009 Pearson Education, Inc. All Rights Reserved 8.1.3: Q-data,T-data, L-data, and the 16PF Q-data T-data L-data

Copyright © 2015, 2012, 2009 Pearson Education, Inc. All Rights Reserved Objective: Analyze the claims made by Gordon Allport’s trait psychology Allport’s first meeting with Freud Allport’s approach 8.2: Gordon Allport’s Trait Psychology

Copyright © 2015, 2012, 2009 Pearson Education, Inc. All Rights Reserved 8.2.1: The Importance of Culture Studying prejudice Studying cultural influences on personality

Copyright © 2015, 2012, 2009 Pearson Education, Inc. All Rights Reserved 8.2.2: Functional Equivalence Drawbacks of factor analysis Allport’s solution

Copyright © 2015, 2012, 2009 Pearson Education, Inc. All Rights Reserved 8.2.3: Common Traits Common biological heritage Childhood experiences

Copyright © 2015, 2012, 2009 Pearson Education, Inc. All Rights Reserved 8.2.4: Personal Dispositions Idiographic methods Nuclear quality What is personal disposition?

Copyright © 2015, 2012, 2009 Pearson Education, Inc. All Rights Reserved Objective: Examine the five dimensions of the most common trait approaches to personality Extroversion Agreeableness Conscientiousness Neuroticism Openness 8.3: The Big Five

Copyright © 2015, 2012, 2009 Pearson Education, Inc. All Rights Reserved 8.3.1: How Was the Big Five Model Developed? Overview Factor analysis

Copyright © 2015, 2012, 2009 Pearson Education, Inc. All Rights Reserved 8.3.2: Career Pathways and Other Important Outcomes Extroverts Conscientiousness Agreeableness Entrepreneurs

Copyright © 2015, 2012, 2009 Pearson Education, Inc. All Rights Reserved 8.3.3: More Than Five? Fewer Than Five? Derived from new knowledge Cattell’s scheme

Copyright © 2015, 2012, 2009 Pearson Education, Inc. All Rights Reserved 8.3.4: Eysenck’s Big Three and Related Alternatives Hans Eysenck Eysenck’s theory

Copyright © 2015, 2012, 2009 Pearson Education, Inc. All Rights Reserved 8.3.5: Evidence for Eysenck’s Approach Study: Zuckerman, Joireman, Kraft, & Kuhlman, 1999 Point 2: Study: Wilt & Revelle, 2009 Point 3: Study: Lucas & Diener, 2001 Point 4: Study: Canli, 2006; Canli et al., 2001

Copyright © 2015, 2012, 2009 Pearson Education, Inc. All Rights Reserved Objective: Examine how people judge the personalities of other people Love at first sight Implications 8.4: Personality Judgments

Copyright © 2015, 2012, 2009 Pearson Education, Inc. All Rights Reserved 8.4.1: Consensus in Personality Judgments Strangers making judgments Self-rating Peers and friends making judgments

Copyright © 2015, 2012, 2009 Pearson Education, Inc. All Rights Reserved 8.4.2: Limits of Trait Conceptions Other aspects that affect Are professionals better?

Copyright © 2015, 2012, 2009 Pearson Education, Inc. All Rights Reserved Objective: Review the concept of personality types Different types of personality Type theories 8.5: Types

Copyright © 2015, 2012, 2009 Pearson Education, Inc. All Rights Reserved Objective: Use the concept of motive to understand personality What are motives? Types of needs 8.6: Motives

Copyright © 2015, 2012, 2009 Pearson Education, Inc. All Rights Reserved 8.6.1: Measuring Motivation Using self-report tests For unknown needs

Copyright © 2015, 2012, 2009 Pearson Education, Inc. All Rights Reserved 8.6.2: Motivational Approach to Traits Need for achievement Need for affiliation Need for power Need for exhibition

Copyright © 2015, 2012, 2009 Pearson Education, Inc. All Rights Reserved Objective: Scrutinize the relationship between personality and expressive style Expressive style elements of cartoon characters Consistency in human characteristics 8.7: Expressive Style

Copyright © 2015, 2012, 2009 Pearson Education, Inc. All Rights Reserved 8.7.1: Emotional Expressiveness Relationship of expressive style to personality Overall expressiveness

Copyright © 2015, 2012, 2009 Pearson Education, Inc. All Rights Reserved 8.7.2: Dominance, Leadership, Influence Dominant people Expressive people

Copyright © 2015, 2012, 2009 Pearson Education, Inc. All Rights Reserved 8.7.3: Expressiveness and Health Healthy personality Unhealthy personality Studying nonverbal social skill

Copyright © 2015, 2012, 2009 Pearson Education, Inc. All Rights Reserved Conclusion: Trait Aspects of Personality Advantages Limitations Common assessment techniques Implications for therapy