OPTIMA OPTIMA Optimisation for Sustainable Water Resources Management The Case of the Gediz River in Turkey 28–30 October 2004 Senglea, MALTA

OPTIMA INTRODUCTION Case: Gediz River Basin in Turkey   hydrology   water use patterns   legal, institutional, environmental factors   optimization

OPTIMA Gediz Basin Izmir Istanbul Population: Extent: km 2 Current water demand Agriculture 39 mm Industry 3 mm Environ. Wetland 0.2 mm Domestic 7.4 mm Current water supply Surface 52 mm Ground 9 mm Treated Not Available Rainfall 700 mm

OPTIMA Akhisar Menemen Manisa Odemis Salihli Demirci Simav Gediz Usak IZMIR Boundaries and Municipalities Turgutlu Alasehir

OPTIMA LAKES, RESERVOIRS and WEIRS

OPTIMA Demographic Change Basin Population1,5 % /year “ ”“ ” INTERNAL MIGRATION RURAL TO URBAN: RAPID URBANIZATION KEY ISSUES Land Use Change  Urban Areas2% /year  Industrial Areas10% /year INCREASING WATER DEMAND: COMPETITION AMONG USERS Urban population 2% /year Rural population 0.7% /year

OPTIMA  Domestic demand0.15 mm/year, 2%  Industrial demand0.3 mm/year, 10% “NO WATER MAY BE LEFT FOR FURTHER ALLOCATION!” KEY ISSUES Supply (61mm) Demand (49.6mm)

OPTIMA Discharges Water Quality  60% ofSurface Water  30%ofGround Water “VERY POLLUTED!!” W. Q. CLASS IV (acc. Turkish W.Q.C. Standards)

OPTIMA Stakeholders Note: indicates activity;  indicates limited activity.

OPTIMA KEY ISSUES Institutional Evaluation:  Limited planning for surface water  No planning for groundwater and waste disposal  Water is allocated by different institutions, there is a lack of cooperation  Water quality monitoring is insufficient for information production  There is no public awareness for irrigation return flow quality  NGO’s are not involved in management

OPTIMA : GEDIZ BASIN: trend from a water rich basin to one that is closing due to:   Drought of   Above average increase in urban and industrial demand (COMPETITION FOR WATER)   Issues of water quality and environmental protection (concerns for the wetland)   Slower institutional response in water allocation and management

OPTIMA IMPORTANT ISSUES:   The increasingly apparent need for a unified coordinating mechanism for allocating water among various uses to replace existing bilateral processes.   The continuing struggle between older long- established institutions dealing with water resource development and water allocation and emerging institutions concerned primarily with water quality and environmental issues.

OPTIMA   The need to represent and protect the interests of certain water users, such as the Gediz Delta ecology and the Irrigation Associations.   The need for clear rules assigning responsibility for setting water quality and quantity standards and monitoring actual conditions and for sufficient political power and will to sanction violators of the standards. IMPORTANT ISSUES:

OPTIMA Available Hydrometeorological Data METEO FLOW by DSI FLOW by EIE Daily Precipitation Average temperature Relative humidity

OPTIMA Available Water Quality Data Monitoring period: bimonthly

OPTIMA Available Geographical Data DEM SOIL MAP LAND COVER RIVER

OPTIMA Background Studies SMART (Sustainable Management of Scarce Resources in the Coastal Zone) Socio-economic Analysis and Scenario Construction Modeling Practices Waterware Telemac LUC

OPTIMA In SMART project, Economical, social and environmental dimensions are considered and emphasized that the sustainability is in the cross-section of these three dimensions. Three scenarios are considered: - Business as usual - Optimistic - Pessimistic For each scenario, sustainability indicators are determined, and all scenarios are compared each other. SOCIO-ECONOMIC ANALYSIS AND SCENARIO CONSTRUCTION

OPTIMA What is the current pollution distribution in the bay? How much pollution comes from Gediz River to the inner bay? TELEMAC will answer the following questions: Inner Bay Middle Bay Outer Bay Gediz Delta Izmir Inner Bay TELEMAC

OPTIMA WATERWARE Completed Steps:  Nodes and reaches have been identified,  Overall basin topology has been constructed,  Gediz river network has been identified on web-based scenario editor,  Future hydraulic structures like dams, irrigation schemes have been identified,  Streamflow data have been compiled,  Meteorological data have been compiled,  Irrigation districts’ data (crop pattern, irrigation methods, irrigated area etc.) have been compiled.

OPTIMA WATERWARE

WATERWARE Steps in progress:  Data compilation Reaches (length, water depth, weight fact. etc.) Domestic return flows (assumption???) Industrial return flows (assumption???) Basin-out water transfers Reservoirs-lakes  Control node locations

OPTIMA WATERWARE Future Steps:  Data upload,  Model calibration, and evaluating results,  Additional model runs regarding water supply and demand relations and regulations in identified future scenarios.

OPTIMA 1x1 km spatial resolution Classified Land Cover Info Data Status: Ready for each sub-catchments (1x1km) Landsat images are still processed ~30m spatial resolution Landsat TM (1987) ~30m spatial resolution Landsat ETM (2000) LAND USE CHANGE MODEL (LUC)

OPTIMA C07 SUMER, TURKEY SUMER will contribute to;  the data compilation and analysis tasks, primarily for the hydrology and water resources components,  assist with model implementation,  run the Turkish case study for the Gediz river basin. SUMER CONTRIBUTION IN OPTIMA PROJECT

OPTIMA Start month:12 End month: 30 Total effort: 34 Deliverables: D08.1: Gediz River: Problem Analysis Month: 25 D08.2: Gediz River: Optimization Results Month: 34 SUMER CONTRIBUTION IN OPTIMA PROJECT Gediz Case Study:

OPTIMA THANK YOU!