Warm-up 12/2/15: Write the questions and the answers to the questions on a new warm-up sheet for the week. Where is DNA found in eukaryotic plant and animal cells? Prokaryotic cells? DNA is what type of organic molecule? DNA is made from what subunit or building block?  What is the function of DNA? Write the complementary base strand for this sequence of DNA: CTA GGC TTT AGC Describe what happens during G1, S and G2 of the cell cycle.

Warm-up 12/3/15: Write the questions and the answers to the questions on Your warm-up sheet for the week. Describe what happens during prophase, metaphase, anaphase and telophase of mitosis, Your DNA is 99% identical to the person beside you, yet you are two very different people. Explain how it is possible that human beings are almost genetically identical, yet they are very different. DNA bases pair up with their complement. What does complementary base pairing mean?

Today we will… Warm-up: DNA Review Introduction to DNA Replication DNA replication guided notes DNA replication video clip DNA Replication Concept Map DNA Replication Practice Test Review Exit Ticket

Adenine Thymine Cytosine Guanine STEPS OF DNA REPLICATION An enzyme unzips the 2 DNA strands by breaking weak hydrogen bonds New nucleotides are added to the old strands Another enzyme zips the strands back up DNA polymerase (another enzyme) proofreads the strands Adenine Thymine Cytosine Guanine

What is DNA REPLICATION? NEW cells are made by copying OLD cells Before a cell divides, you have to copy or REPLICATE the DNA REVIEW! What stage of the cell cycle does DNA Replication happen in?

When does DNA Replication occur? During S –Phase of INTERPHASE S-Phase = Synthesis Phase The DNA Replicates (copies itself ) to prepare for cell division (MITOSIS!!!)

Why does DNA REPLICATE? To get ready for cell division So each new cell has the same exact DNA!

What are the STEPS for DNA Replication? An Enzyme “UNZIPS” the 2 strands of DNA by breaking the weak Hydrogen bonds New nucleotides are added to the old stand REVIEW: A = T and C = G Another Enzyme “ZIPS” the strands back up DNA Polymerase (an enzyme) “proofreads” the strands to make sure there are no MISTAKES! What do you think might happen if there are mistakes?!

What is the ROLE of ENZYMES? Enzymes help to: 1. Split the DNA in half Put DNA back together Proofread for any mistakes in the base pairs

How is DNA Replication SEMI-CONSERVATIVE? When the DNA copies itself, it always has HALF of the parental (OLD) strand and HALF of the daughter (NEW) strand In other words: the DNA is HALF OLD and HALF NEW

What are MUTATIONS? Changes in the genetic code (DNA) Can be: positive, negative or neutral Causes: UV radiation, chemicals, bad DNA proofreading Can lead to CANCER

DNA Replication Practice DNA strand: ATGGC Complementary DNA strand: _________

DNA Replication http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=zdDkiRw1PdU&feature=related

How to Find a Mutation… Original DNA Sequence: T A C A C C T T G G C G A C G A C T Complementary Strand: A T C G G G A C C C G C T T G T G A Corrected Strand:

DNA Replication Concept Map: We will create a concept Map together to help you organize the process of DNA replication.

Independent Practice: DNA Replication Quietly and Independently complete your DNA Replication Practice

DNA Exit Ticket

Unit 6 Mitosis and asexual reproduction Test Review If you did not finish your cell cycle foldable from yesterday, please complete this first. Next, work on the Unit 6 Test study guide

Cell Cycle Foldable (Outside) Interphase (Picture) 2. Prophase (Picture) 3. Metaphase (Picture) 4. Anaphase (Picture) Telophase (Picture) Cytokinesis (Picture)

Cell Cycle Foldable (Inside) Interphase (Description- What is happening in this stage of the cell cycle?) What are the four reasons that cells divide? What form is DNA when the cell is NOT dividing? What form is DNA in when the cell IS dividing? 2. Prophase (Description- What is happening in this stage of mitosis?) 3. Metaphase (Description- What is happening in this stage of mitosis?) 4. Anaphase (Description- What is happening in this stage of mitosis?) Telophase Description- What is happening in this stage of mitosis?) Cytokinesis Description- What is happening in this stage of the cell cycle?)