Types of Bonds Notes  Bonds are what hold elements together in a compound  Types of Bonds: Ionic Covalent Metallic

Ionic Bonds Formed between Ions  charged atoms. Ions are formed when one element gives up e- (therefore it becomes positive), and the other element receives the e- (thus becoming negatively charged). For an ionic bond to exist, you must have a (+) charged ion and a (-) charged ion. An ionic bond is actually an attraction of opposite charges (like a magnet).

Ionic Bonds (cont) When an ionic bond forms between ions, the compound is electrically neutral or in other words, the charges add up to be zero. When an ionic bond is formed the compound is called an ionic compound. Ionic bonds typically form between metals and nonmetals.

Covalent Bonds Forms between uncharged atoms. So ask yourself how do they bond? They bond by sharing e- Typically form between nonmetals. Non-metals will share electrons in such a way as to create a noble gas configuration for each atom (achieve octet). All atoms (except H and He) want to have 8 valence e-

Covalent Bonds

Metallic Bonds Metallic bonds are formed between 2 or more metals In metallic bonding, electrons become delocalized from the atoms and form an “electron sea” This sea of electrons explains many physical properties of metals, such as strength, malleability, ductility, and thermal and electric conductivity (among others). Mixtures of metals exhibit metallic bonding. A mixture of metal is called an alloy.

Metallic Bonds Some common alloys

Predicting the Type of Bond Predicting the type of bond is easy if you can identify metals and non-metals Metals are mostly found on the left side of the periodic table and they tend to lose their valence e- easily. Non-Metals are found on the right side of the periodic table and they tend to gain valence e- easily.

Predicting the Type of Bond A compound formed between a metal and a non-metal will usually be ionic. Bonds between non-metals tend to be covalent. Bonds involving only metals show metallic bonding

Review Ionic Bond Giving up and accepting e- that causes elements to become ions. Bond formed by attraction of oppositely charged ions. Covalent Bond The sharing of e- between non-metals All atoms involved achieve octet Metallic Bond The formation of an “electron sea” between metals Electrons are delocalized