Chapter 12

Hard living tissues that make up your skeleton… Support Frame of your “house” & Protect protects organs

 Skull – brain  Ribs – heart, lungs, stomach  Spine (backbone) – spinal cord ◦ 33 bones called vertebrae  Spinal cord carries messages from the brain to the rest of the body.  Patella (kneecap) – knee joint and ends of leg bones

 Cells – tiny living parts that make up our bodies ◦ Daily DEATH! (cells die everyday) ◦ NEW LIFE! – every day dead cells are replaced with new living cells.  Tissue – a group of cells working together ◦ Bones are made of vary hard tissue

Hollow area with marrow Hard compact bone Blood vessels and nerves Light sponge bone pg. 260

 Bones have empty space in them. In some bones these area are filled with marrow.  Marrow ◦ Soft, jellylike material used to produce new blood cells.

 Minerals ◦ Your bones store minerals such as calcium, magnesium, and phosphorus. ◦ Calcium – makes bones strong  Milk & yogurt = good source of calcium  Your bones store minerals and then release them to the rest of your body as cells need them.

skull phalanges sternum ribs vertebrae femur patella

Immovable Movable

Hip Joint

 Allows movement in many directions ◦ Examples:  Shoulders  Hips

 Allows only back and forth movements ◦ This type of joint works like a door on a hinge. ◦ Example:  Elbows  Knees

 Allows side to side movement ◦ Example:  Top vertebrae of the neck