How many animals do we need to save?. How Many Animals Do We Want to Save? The Many Ways of Setting Population Target Levels for Conservation ERIC W.

Slides:



Advertisements
Similar presentations
Biodiversity.
Advertisements

Population Dynamics, Carrying Capacity, and Conservation Biology G. Tyler Miller’s Living in the Environment 13 th Edition Chapter 9 G. Tyler Miller’s.
Chap. 10: Biodiversity Sect. 1: What Is Biodiversity? Key Vocabulary  Extinct  Biodiversity  Species Diversity  Ecosystem Diversity  Genetic Diversity.
Conservation Biology A relatively new discipline that has brought together experts concerned about the loss of biodiversity. Why should we conserve biodiversity?
Biodiversity.
Conservation Biology and Restoration Ecology Chapter 55.
BiodiversitySection 1 Bellringer. BiodiversitySection 1 Objectives Describe the diversity of species types on Earth, relating the difference between known.
Section, 1 What is Biodiversity?
Chapter 17 Biodiversity. Biodiversity Biodiversity is the same as biological diversity Biodiversity is the same as biological diversity Species diversity-
Human Impact and the Environment
3.2 How Humans Influence Ecosystems
Aesthetic Ethical Educational Economic Recreational Ecological What is conservation? Protecting the environment from human activities Preventing animals.
1 Web-based Course วิชา ความหลากหลายทางชีวภาพ ในประเทศไทย (Biodiversity in Thailand)
What is Biodiversity Chapter 10.
Fishing = Harvesting = Predation Predator-Prey Interaction +- with Humans as Predator Very high-tech hunting- gathering –Fast boats –Sonar, fish finders.
Environmental Science
Sustainability What does it mean?. Sustainable Society  a society that meets its needs without impairing the ability of future generations and other.
Conservation Biology and Ecological Ecosystems Jess Drew Ali Powell Mark Zolla.
Biodiversity Chapter 10-1, Biodiversity Objectives 11 Ch Describe the diversity of species types on Earth, relating the differences between.
Exam #4 W 4/29 from 7:30-9pm in BUR 106. How Many Animals Do We Want to Save? The Many Ways of Setting Population Target Levels for Conservation ERIC.
What is Conservation Biology?. Conservation biology is the study and preservation of habitat for the purpose of conserving biodiversity. en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Conservation_biolog.
How many animals do we need to save?. How Many Animals Do We Want to Save? The Many Ways of Setting Population Target Levels for Conservation ERIC W.
Maintaining Biodiversity. Have we overstated the tropical biodiversity crisis? William F. Laurance Trends in Ecology & Evolution Vol. 22: February.
Biodiversity hotspots Conservation International.
Biodiversity Section 1: What is Biodiversity?
6 Themes of A.P.E.S. Advance Placement Environmental Science.
Do Now! After yesterday’s activity, what big ideas do you expect to learn about in this chapter?
10.1 What is Biodiversit What is Biodiversity. In two minutes, list as many species as you can think of.
Biodiversity Introduction Graphic Organizer. Diversity of Species Level of variety varies in different ecosystems Not all species on Earth have been identified.
Dmytro Kryvokhyzha. United Nations Conference on the Human Environment, Stockholm 1972 United Nations Conference on Environment and Development, Rio de.
BiodiversitySection 1 DAY ONE Chapter 10 Biodiversity Section, 1 What is Biodiversity?
Conservation Biology and Restorative Ecology. What matters most in an ecosystem: BIODIVERSITY Genetic diversity Species diversity Ecosystem diversity.
BiodiversitySection 1 Objectives Describe the diversity of species types on Earth, relating the difference between known numbers and estimated numbers.
Items (plastic) removed from the gullet of a fledgling Laysan albatross 08/31/plastic-litters-our.html “Toxic Garbage.
Population Dynamics, Carrying Capacity, and Conservation Biology Chapter 9 “In looking at nature…never forget that every single organic being around us.
Our Human Interactions with the Non-Human Animals.
Benefits of Biodiversity Section 3. Does Biodiversity Matter?  Scientists have offered a number of concrete, tangible reasons for preserving biodiversity.
Biodiversity Environmental Science. “The first animal species to go are the big, slow, the tasty, and those with valuable parts such as tusks and skins.”
Introduction to Environment. Environment : from the French word ‘environner ‘- to encircle or surround Whatever is around us constitutes our Environment.
Biodiversity Chapter 10. A World Rich in Biodiversity Biodiversity, short for biological diversity, is the variety of organisms in a given area, the genetic.
Chapter 10 section 1. A World Rich in Biodiversity Biodiversity, short for biological diversity, is 1. the variety of organisms in a given area, 2. the.
Chapter 10.1: Biodiversity Page A World Rich in Biodiversity  Biodiversity – short for biological diversity, refers to the # of different species.
Chapter 10 section 1. A World Rich in Biodiversity -Biodiversity, short for biological diversity, is the variety of organisms in a given area, the genetic.
Introduction to Environment. Environment : from the French word ‘environner ‘- to encircle or surround Whatever is around us constitutes our Environment.
Section, 1 What is Biodiversity?
Conservation Biology & Restoration Ecology
WHY IS PHYSICAL DIVERSITY IMPORTANT?
Section, 1 What is Biodiversity?
Population Dynamics, Carrying Capacity, and Conservation Biology
Chapter 5 – Section 1: Biodiversity
Objectives Describe the diversity of species types on Earth, relating the difference between known numbers and estimated numbers. List and describe three.
Chapter 10 Section 1 Pages What is Biodiversity? Chapter 10 Section 1 Pages
Biodiversity Chapter 10 Section 1
Notepack 21 – What is Biodiversity?
Chapter 56 - Conservation Biology
Section, 1 What is Biodiversity?
Section, 1 What is Biodiversity?
Section 1: What Is Biodiversity?
3.4.7 Conservation Practices
6 Themes for APES Human population growth Sustainability
Exam #3 F 4/9 (bring cheat sheet)
Section 1: What Is Biodiversity?
Section, 1 What is Biodiversity?
Section, 1 What is Biodiversity?
Section 1: What Is Biodiversity?
Section 1: What Is Biodiversity?
Section 1: What Is Biodiversity?
Day 9 – Human Populations & Ecological Footprints
Lecture 1: Introduction to Fisheries
Section 1: What Is Biodiversity?
Presentation transcript:

How many animals do we need to save?

How Many Animals Do We Want to Save? The Many Ways of Setting Population Target Levels for Conservation ERIC W. SANDERSON November 2006 / Vol. 56 No. 11 BioScience 911

Extinction Vortex A population of a few individuals cannot survive

Can a number of individuals be set?

Fewest number of individuals for an area, but fewest number for what?

Can a number of individuals be set? Extreme examples: Ecotourism want the largest possible population Mining or Agriculture would like none or somewhere else…NIMBY

What are the consequences of setting the wrong number?

Too high Too low

Can a number of individuals be set? Scientists are reluctant to set a specific number Policymakers want information from scientists

What are the consequences of setting the wrong number? Subjective values meets objective science

Yellowstone area wolf packs 2004 How many wolves should be in Yellowstone NP

How many tigers does the world need? None?

What criteria do we use to set limits? Money Land Development

What criteria do we use to set limits? Money Land Development Who benefits? Animals- what is the minimum number for sustainable survivalAnimals- what is the minimum number for sustainable survival

What criteria do we use to set limits? Money Land Development Who benefits? Animals- what is the minimum number for sustainable survivalAnimals- what is the minimum number for sustainable survival Ecosystem- What is the minimum number to maintain a healthy ecosystem?Ecosystem- What is the minimum number to maintain a healthy ecosystem?

What criteria do we use to set limits? Money Land Development Who benefits? Animals- what is the minimum number for sustainable survivalAnimals- what is the minimum number for sustainable survival Ecosystem- What is the minimum number to maintain a healthy ecosystem?Ecosystem- What is the minimum number to maintain a healthy ecosystem? Humans- How many do we need to derive some beneifit?Humans- How many do we need to derive some beneifit?

Who benefits? Animals- what is the minimum number for sustainable survival?Animals- what is the minimum number for sustainable survival?  Genetic Diversity Genetic Diversity

Who benefits? Ecosystem- What is the minimum number to maintain a healthy ecosystem?Ecosystem- What is the minimum number to maintain a healthy ecosystem?  Density may be more important than total number Density may be more important than total number

Who benefits? Ecosystem- What is the minimum number to maintain a healthy ecosystem?Ecosystem- What is the minimum number to maintain a healthy ecosystem?  Density may be more important than total number Density may be more important than total number  Manage population and monitor effects on ecosystem Manage population and monitor effects on ecosystem

Who benefits? Ecosystem- What is the minimum number to maintain a healthy ecosystem?Ecosystem- What is the minimum number to maintain a healthy ecosystem?  Density may be more important than total number Density may be more important than total number  Manage population and monitor effects on ecosystem Manage population and monitor effects on ecosystem  Some species may be used to monitor health of overall ecosystem Some species may be used to monitor health of overall ecosystem

Who benefits? Humans- How many do we need to derive some beneifit?Humans- How many do we need to derive some beneifit?  Total eradication may be goal- mosquitos Total eradication may be goal- mosquitos

Who benefits? Humans- How many do we need to derive some beneifit?Humans- How many do we need to derive some beneifit?  Total eradication may be goal- mosquitos Total eradication may be goal- mosquitos  Ecotourism/Tourism Ecotourism/Tourism

Who benefits? Humans- How many do we need to derive some beneifit?Humans- How many do we need to derive some beneifit?  Total eradication may be goal- mosquitos Total eradication may be goal- mosquitos  Ecotourism/Tourism Ecotourism/Tourism  Harvest sustainable population Harvest sustainable population

Who benefits? Humans- How many do we need to derive some beneifit?Humans- How many do we need to derive some beneifit?  Total eradication may be goal- mosquitos Total eradication may be goal- mosquitos  Ecotourism/Tourism Ecotourism/Tourism  Harvest sustainable population Harvest sustainable population  Ecosystem benefits- seed dispersal, pollinators, nutrient recycling Ecosystem benefits- seed dispersal, pollinators, nutrient recycling

Who benefits? Humans- How many do we need to derive some beneifit?Humans- How many do we need to derive some beneifit?  Total eradication may be goal- mosquitos Total eradication may be goal- mosquitos  Ecotourism/Tourism Ecotourism/Tourism  Harvest sustainable population Harvest sustainable population  Ecosystem benefits- seed dispersal, pollinators, nutrient recycling Ecosystem benefits- seed dispersal, pollinators, nutrient recycling These functions cannot practically or economically be carried out by humans

Who benefits? Humans- How many do we need to derive some beneifit?Humans- How many do we need to derive some beneifit?  Total eradication may be goal- mosquitos Total eradication may be goal- mosquitos  Ecotourism/Tourism Ecotourism/Tourism  Harvest sustainable population Harvest sustainable population  Ecosystem benefits Ecosystem benefits  Cultural, Aesthetic, Spiritual Cultural, Aesthetic, Spiritual

How many animals do we want to save?

Complex interactions of science, economics, and ethics.

How many animals do we want to save? Complex interactions of science, economics, and ethics. If a number is set, it may stay static as conditions change.

How many animals do we want to save? Sanderson’s proposed solution:

How many animals do we want to save? Sanderson’s proposed solution: Minimum Viable Population- number of individuals that allows animals to exist free from human interference.

How many animals do we want to save? Most of human history includes critical and profound interactions with other organisms. That is now diminished or gone.

How many animals do we want to save? Most of human history includes critical and profound interactions with other organisms. That is now diminished or gone.

How many animals do we want to save? Sanderson’s proposed solution- multilayered approach: 1.Demographic sustainabilityDemographic sustainability

How many animals do we want to save? Sanderson’s proposed solution- multilayered approach: 1.Demographic SustainabilityDemographic Sustainability 2.Ecological Functions (includes ability to freely evolve)Ecological Functions (includes ability to freely evolve)

How many animals do we want to save? Sanderson’s proposed solution- multilayered approach: 1.Demographic SustainabilityDemographic Sustainability 2.Ecological FunctionsEcological Functions 3.Human Use and InteractionsHuman Use and Interactions

How many animals do we want to save? Sanderson’s proposed solution- multilayered approach: 1.Demographic SustainabilityDemographic Sustainability 2.Ecological FunctionsEcological Functions 3.Human Use and InteractionsHuman Use and Interactions 4.Can we return animals to levels that existed before humans had a negative impact?Can we return animals to levels that existed before humans had a negative impact?

Instead of a single number…A number for each level can be determined. How many animals do we want to save? 1.Demographic SustainabilityDemographic Sustainability 2.Ecological FunctionsEcological Functions 3.Human Use and InteractionsHuman Use and Interactions 4.Can we return animals to levels that existed before humans had a negative impact?Can we return animals to levels that existed before humans had a negative impact?

How many animals do we need to save?