 EQ: How are Momentum and Impulse expressed, and what factors contribute to momentum and impulse?  LO: We will investigate the components of momentum and impulse and apply them to solve word problems.  CT: I will summarize the formula for momentum and impulse in words, and do practice problems calculating momentum and impulse.

 Mass in motion  Momentum is directly proportional to an object's mass and directly proportional to the object's velocity. p ~ mand p~v

QuantityVariableUnit Momentumpkg*m/s Massmkg Velocityvm/s P = mv Equation: Momentum = mass x velocity

P = m v  Huge ship moving at a small velocity  High velocity bullet P = M v Now complete 1-7 on your worksheet (3 min)

1. The world’s most massive train ran in South Africa in Over 7 km long, the train traveled km in h. Imagine that the distance was traveled in a straight line north. If the train’s average momentum was 7.32 x 10 8 kgm/s to the north, what was its mass? hints: convert distance convert time manipulate equation

The world’s most massive train ran in South Africa in Over 7 km long, the train traveled km in h. Imagine that the distance was traveled in a straight line north. If the train’s average momentum was 7.32 x 10 8 kgm/s to the north, what was its mass?

2. One of the smallest planes ever flown was the Bumble Bee II, which had a mass of 1.80 × 10 2 kg. If the pilot’s mass was 7.0×10 1 kg, what was the velocity of both plane and pilot if their momentum was 2.08×10 4 kgm/s to the west? hints: use the total mass of both the plane and the pilot. manipulate the equation

What factors determine momentum? How do these factors affect each other? Write a sentence in which you include the word momentum.

 Impulse -amount of force needed to stop an object’s momentum in a specific amount of time. Units N·s I = FΔt QuantityVariableUnit ImpulseI N·s ForceFN Timets

What does momentum and impulse have to do with each other? Momentum = mv If velocity changes, momentum changes, and acceleration (either + or –) occurs But we know: 1.for acceleration to occur, a force has to be applied. 2.If a given force is applied over a longer time, more acceleration occurs. IMPULSE is a measure of how much force is applied for how much time, and it’s equal to the change in momentum.

Impulse = Force x time A force applied over time will change the momentum of an object: FΔt =  p Impulse = Change in momentum

Newton’s Second Law can read F = ma FΔt =  p  FΔt = p f –p i  F  t = mv f -mv i Impulse = Change in momentum

If the boxer moves away from the punch, he extends the time and decreases the force while stopping the punch. If he moves toward the punch, he decreases the time and increases the force The airbag extends the time over which the impulse is exerted and decreases the force. Hitting the bricks with a sharp karate blow very quickly maximizes the force exerted on the bricks and helps to break them.

 Increase  t and minimize the force  Catching a ball  Bungee jumping  Air bags  Seat bealts FtFt

 Momentum is mass in motion  Impulse is how much force is applied for a given time on an object P = mv I = FΔt FΔt =  p  Putting it altogether: The amount of force applied over a given time changes the object’s momentum