情态动词常考考点

can/could --- Could I borrow your bicycle? --- Yes, of course, you can. ( 不可用 could )

can 和 could 还可表示某人或某物一时的特 点，可译为 “ 有可能，有时会 ” 。 He can be very friendly. He could be very proud. Man can be as cruel as wild beasts. Children could be very trying. ( 伤脑筋 )

may 表示祝愿 May our friendship live long! May you succeed! May you have a good time! May you be happy!

may well + 动词原形意为 “ 理应，有足够的理由 ” may /might as well+ 动词原形 “ 还不如, 不妨 ” 。 He may well be proud of his son. （他大可以他的儿子为荣） She may well say so. （她说得对） It is very late, so you may / might as well go to bed.

must We must do everything step by step. 必须 We mustn’t waste our time. 禁止 --- Must we hand in our exercises today? --- Yes, you must. / No, you needn’t. / No, you don’t have to.

need --- Need I go so soon? --- Yes, you must. / No, you needn’t. / No, you don’t have to.

need have + 过去分词，本不必做, 却做了 didn’t need to do / didn’t have to do 表示 不必做且没做 I invited only two guests, so you needn’t have brought so much food. I didn’t have to / didn’t need to get up early on Sunday, so I stayed in bed until 8 o’clock.

need 用做行为动词时的用法： 1)need to do ; 2) need doing ; need to be done 的 用法 I need to buy a new dictionary. My bike needs to be repaired / needs repairing.

will 表示意愿意志和决心 She won’t lend me the money. He is the man who will go his own way. 表示固有性质，倾向 The window won’t open. The door won’t shut.

Would you like something to eat? When I was a child, I would go swimming every summer.

Shall 用于一，三人称， 表示征求意见或请求指示。 Shall I turn on the light? Shall we meet in the evening? Shall they come in or wait outside? Shall he come to see you? Shall + he /she / they +do sth = Do you want him / her / them to do sth

用于二，三人称，表示决心, 允诺，命令， 警告，威胁，命运或必然的结果等。 No one shall stop me. You shall have my answer tomorrow. （允诺） You shall be sorry for it one day. （ 警告） They shall do as I tell them. （ 命令） Death is certain to all; all shall die. （命运, 必然结果）

should 的用法 1. 应该 You should study the article carefully. Such a thing shouldn’t be allowed to happen again.

2 表示对现在，将来，过去情况的某种推测， 译为 按道理来推应该 He should arrive at noon. Jim should be at home now. They should have finished the work by tomorrow.

Should 型虚拟 The teacher suggested that we should practice speaking English as much as possible. My suggestion is that you should go with us. It is suggested that we should start work at once. He made a suggestion that we should help the poor.

It is important / necessary / natural / strange / a pity …that …should + do… It is important/natural that we should study another foreign language. It is a great pity that she should have failed to see such a wonderful performance.

表示惊异，不以为然等情绪。可译为 “ 竟然 ” ； “ 竟会 ” That things should come to this! That a man should be cruel!

情态动词 + 动词完成式的用法 may 和 might + 动词完成式 “ 可能已经 ” It might have happened last October. She might have died before he returns. She may have got up now.

must + 动词完成式, 肯定 … She must have gone through a lot. He must have known about it. He must have gone abroad. Can he have gone abroad? No, he can’t/ couldn’t have gone abroad. I just saw him a minute ago.

can / could + 动词完成式 1) 本来可以 I could have passed the exam, but I was too careless. In that case we could have done it better. 2 ）对过去某种事实或行为的推测 Where can / could she have gone? He can’t/ couldn’t have gone abroad.

Should have done/ ought to have done… 本应该做, 却没做 Should not have done / ought not to have done… 本不应该做, 却做了 You should have informed me earlier. You shouldn’t have let out the secret.

needn’t have done 本不必要, 却做了 You needn’t have come here in person. You could have just called me.

情态动词 + 动词进行式 She might be still thinking of you. What can / could she be doing now? She may / might be watering the flowers. She must be watering the flowers. She can’t be watering the flowers. She should / ought to be watering the flowers.