Structural data processing and interpretation Czech Geological Survey

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Presentation transcript:

Structural data processing and interpretation Czech Geological Survey Krystof Verner Czech Geological Survey www.geology.cz krystof.verner@geology.cz

Geological map and structural cross-section Views intersection of geological bodies with the Earth's surface Plotted in the horizontal plane (the plane topographic maps) Geological map provides a three-dimensional image of the distribution, age, shape and orientation of geological bodies and their contacts on the displayed area Geological and structural cross-section Display of geological structures and their relationships below the surface Cross-section is plotted in the vertical plane (section) below the selected line in the geological map Blockdiagram The combination of geological maps and structural cross-section 2

Geological map 1:25.000 Name of the map, scale and coordinates Stratigraphic chart Legend Lithological and structural symbols Cross section 3

Necessary field data for processing of the geological / tectonic map Locality number Geographic localization and coordinates Outcrop description Lithology and mineral composition Description and orientation of structural data Regional fabrics and their relationships Lithological / tectonic contacts Brittle structures (joints, faults) Drawing of schematic blockdiagram or photograph (oriented) 4

Orientation data in structural geology Azimuth – angle of the line from north (0 ° = 360 °), measured in the horizontal plane Circular data - 2D, measured either in the horizontal plane as the azimuth or in any plane as an angle relative to the reference line Axial data Directional data (vectors) Spherical data - orientation of structural elements in 3D 5

Spherical data - orientation of structural elements in 3D Three the most important numbers Direction of the plane (azimuth) Dip direction of the plane (= direction + 90°) Dip of the plane 6

How to measure structures Foliation (S) schistosity, schistosité, Schieferung Dip direction and Dip Dip direction (0°- 360°) Dip (0°- 90°) S = 230°/50° Strike and Dip Strike (0°- 360°) Dip (0°- 90°) S = 320°/50° Transfer: The right hand rule Lineation (L) L = 351/53 Quadrant method: S = N40°W/50°SE 7

Strike, dip, trend, plunge, pitch 8

Display of planes and lines in the stereographic projection 9

Contour orientation diagram 10

Directional orientation of joints or faults 11

Principles of geological intersection 12

Principles of geological intersection 13

Summary of the field research (Arba Minch)