1.: primarysecondaryprimarytertiary 2.An iodoethane molecule has more electrons than an iodomethane molecule. This causes the London intermolecular forces to be stronger. More energy is required to separate the molecules and so it has a higher boiling temperature. 3.The C–I bond is weaker than the C–Cl bond, so the activation energy involved in breaking the bond is less. Thus a greater proportion of collisions result in reaction. 4.(a) 2-methylpropan1-ol(CH 3 ) 2 CHCH 2 OH (b) 2-methylpropene(CH 3 ) 2 C=CH 2 (c) 1-amino-2-methylpropane(CH 3 ) 2 CHCH 2 NH 2 © Hodder & Stoughton Further organic chemistryAnswers to Test yourself questions

5.(a) (b) (c) (d) © Hodder & Stoughton Further organic chemistryAnswers to Test yourself questions

6.Both ethanol and methanol have intermolecular hydrogen bonds, but ethanol has more electrons and so has stronger London forces. The total intermolecular forces are stronger in ethanol and so it has a higher boiling temperature, as more energy is needed to separate its molecules. 7.Identify means either name or formula (but don’t give both in case one is wrong). (a) CH 3 CH(CH 3 )COOH / 2-methylpropanoic acid (b) C 2 H 5 C(OH)(CH 3 ) 2 as it is a tertiary alcohol (c) CH 3 CH 2 COCH 2 CH 3 / pentan-3-one © Hodder & Stoughton Further organic chemistryAnswers to Test yourself questions