Industrial Revolution Chapter 25

Early Factory

A. Say You Want a Revolution Industrial Revolution – Shift from making goods by hand to making goods by machine Began in Great Britain in 1750

Early Factory

B. Why Great Britain? 1 – Large population provides labor 2 – Extensive natural resources Water Power Coal Iron Ore River/Transportation

3 – Capital – Wealthy people willing to invest 4 – Political Stability – Major wars are not fought on English soil

C. Agricultural Revolution Enclosure Movement – Farmers began to fence off their lands Forces small farmers to move to cities Led to new agricultural inventions Many small farmers are put out of business

Yorkshire, England

D. Textile Industry Domestic System – Existed before the Industrial Revolution when goods were made @ home Textile industry is the first industry to mechanize Factory System – Replaces the domestic system

The Silent Highwayman - 1858

E. Major Results 1 – Domestic system is replaced by the factory system and people leave the home to work 2 – Price of clothing decreases and demand increase

F. Steam Engine Early factories were driven by water power and had to be built next to rivers Thomas Newcomen – Invents a primitive steam engine in 1712

James Watt – Produces the first modern-day steam engine in 1765 Is quickly adopted by textile factories Important because it allows people to build a factory where ever they want

G. Working Conditions Workers were expected to arrive and leave work at certain times Allowed set times for meals and breaks Instead of changing with the season, work stayed the same all year

Children of the Revolution

Workers worked 14 hours a day 6 days a week Serious injuries were common No government program helped injured workers Children as young as 5 were forced to work over 60 hours a week

Child Labor

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