Length Contraction. Relative Space  An observer at rest measures a proper time for a clock in the same frame of reference.  An object also has a proper.

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Presentation transcript:

Length Contraction

Relative Space  An observer at rest measures a proper time for a clock in the same frame of reference.  An object also has a proper length when measured by an observer in the same frame of reference.  If other observers are moving the apparent length will change in the direction of motion.

Contraction  Light traveling the length of B’s ruler takes less time as A sees B. Time dilation Constant light speed

Gamma Again  Each observer sees the other stick contracted.

Distant Star  A starship cruises at c towards a star that is 200. ly away.  What is the apparent distance to a traveler on the ship?  The speed given is in units of c so v/c =  For the moving observer,  So, L’ = 8.94 ly.

Doppler Shift  The classical Doppler shift for sound is due to relative motion between source and observer. Depend on specific motionDepend on specific motion  Relativity changes this for light. Constant speed of light Only relative velocity

Relativistic Shift  The relativistic Doppler shift uses length contraction (or time dilation).  Both the wavelength and frequency are shifted.

Redshift  Objects that move rapidly away have wavelengths shifted longer.  Visible light shifts towards the red, and the effect is the redshift. next

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