Chapter 15 Part 5 16 th & 17 th Century Trends

The Long 16 th Century Steady Population Growth Steady Population Growth Leveled off Leveled off 1750 began to grow again 1750 began to grow again Population in cities grew faster than in the countryside Population in cities grew faster than in the countryside Nuclear families Nuclear families Patriarchal Patriarchal

Average Life Expectancy Men 27 years Men 27 years Women 25 years Women 25 years

The Wealthy Merchants (Bourgeoisie) in towns Merchants (Bourgeoisie) in towns Large land owners in the countryside Large land owners in the countryside Education was seen as the way up Education was seen as the way up

The Great Witch Hunt Factors: Factors: Pre-Christian belief in magic Pre-Christian belief in magic Need for Scapegoats Need for Scapegoats Catholic Church: powers came from God or the Devil Catholic Church: powers came from God or the Devil The Church used witch hunts to gain control over rural villages The Church used witch hunts to gain control over rural villages Secular leaders did the same; claimed to be “protectors” Secular leaders did the same; claimed to be “protectors”

The Victims Most often: Most often: Elderly Elderly Impoverished (a drain on the community) Impoverished (a drain on the community) Widowed (no protector) Widowed (no protector) Women 80% of the victims Women 80% of the victims

Why Women? Patriarchal Society Patriarchal Society Midwives sometimes lost babies…need for explanation (older women with potions) Midwives sometimes lost babies…need for explanation (older women with potions) Misogyny Misogyny The Catholic Church and Protestant belief that women were the “weaker vessels” The Catholic Church and Protestant belief that women were the “weaker vessels” The Original Sin premise The Original Sin premise

Stats ,000 “witches” killed (burned) in Europe ,000 “witches” killed (burned) in Europe the last in the Netherlands the last in the Netherlands the last in England the last in England the last in Scotland the last in Scotland the last in France the last in France the last in Germany the last in Germany

The Witch Hunts ended with The 16 th and 17 th centuries’ Scientific Revolution The 16 th and 17 th centuries’ Scientific Revolution Advances in medicine Advances in medicine New Insurance Companies New Insurance Companies The Accused sometimes turned the tables on their accusers The Accused sometimes turned the tables on their accusers Protestant Reformation: began to stress that God was the only spiritual force in the universe Protestant Reformation: began to stress that God was the only spiritual force in the universe

The Practice DBQ The answer should come from the documents The answer should come from the documents Group the documents in at least 3 groups Group the documents in at least 3 groups NOTE: a group is more than one document NOTE: a group is more than one document Mention at least 3 POV (points of view) Mention at least 3 POV (points of view) Discuss all or most of the documents individually Discuss all or most of the documents individually Outside info will only add to your score AFTER you have satisfied the core requirements Outside info will only add to your score AFTER you have satisfied the core requirements