English 10 From Writer’s Inc. & Mrs. Eberts Verb review English 10 From Writer’s Inc. & Mrs. Eberts

Main verbs Action or linking Does not include helping/ auxiliary verbs Workbook 90

Action verbs Shows action or movement Should use about 70-80% of time in your writing Transitive/intransitive takes DOs and IOs Active/passive voice

Linking verbs Shows a state of being Many come from the verb to be Refer to poem: Am, are, is, was, were, shall be… Often also act as helping verbs Text 507.3; workbook 92

Auxiliary verbs Also called helping verbs forms of to be, have, can, will, could, should, would, etc. Text 507.1; workbook 91

Tenses Simple Past Present Future Perfect Past Perfect Present Perfect Text 511.1; workbook 93, 95, 96

Simple tenses use NO helping verbs (Exception: future uses will) Tenses, cont’d Simple tenses use NO helping verbs (Exception: future uses will) Perfect tenses use a form of have (future perfect uses will + have) 511.1

Present tense note Present tense ONLY: 3rd person singular – he, she, it – adds –s to verb

Conjugation Matches correct form of verb with singular and plural pronouns in the 1st, 2nd, & 3rd person Use the chart!!! Maintain same tense within each chart Text 510.1, 510.2

Conjugation, cont’d to go Singular Plural 1st I go we 2nd you 3rd he, she, it goes they Text 510.2

Voice Action verbs only!! Active voice Applies to action verbs only Subject DOES the action Passive voice Applies to action verbs only Subject RECEIVES the action Text 510.3; workbook 94

Transitivity Action verbs only!! Transitive Take a direct object to complete action May also take an indirect object Will NOT have an IO without a DO Intransitive Action is complete in itself Does NOT take an object May have other modifiers Text 507.2, 508.1; workbook 98, 99

Verbals Derived from verbs, but act as other parts of speech Gerund Infinitive Participle Text 508.2; workbook 100

Verbals, cont’d functions as Type of verbal Noun Adj Adv gerund (ends in –ing) x infinitive (introduced by to) X participle (ends in –ing or –ed) Text 508.2; workbook chart 100

Gerunds ‘-ing’ verbs that act as nouns Examples: Shopping is a favorite activity. Talking instead of listening caused me to misunderstand the assignment. Text 508.2

Infinitives ‘to’ + verb (always keep them together) Example: “To sleep, perchance to dream…” May act as noun, adjective, or adverb Split infinitive: don’t do it! Do NOT conjugate infinitives Text 509.1

Participles Present participle ends in –ing uses a form of to be as a helping verb acts as adjective when not used as a verb with its helper also called “progressive form” Past Participle regular verbs end in –d or –ed uses a form of have as helping verb acts as an adjective when not used as a verb with its helper Text 509.2

Verb moods Indicative: statements & questions Imperative: commands Subjunctive: conditions contrary to fact (wishes, dreams, as if, as though) Text 512.1; workbook 101

Regular/Irregular Regular: forms past tense and past participle with –d or –ed ending Irregular: doesn’t! ;-) forms past tense and past participle in other ways! Text 509.2; workbook 102, 103

Principle parts of verbs Primarily: Present Past Past Participle Text 509 chart

Principle parts of verbs, cont’d Infinitive Present Past Past Participle to go go/goes went have gone to see see/s saw have seen to kick kick/s kicked have kicked to have have/has had have had to read read/s read have read Text 509 chart