Guide to Math Knowledge

Numbers, Number Systems and Number Relationships

 Fraction to decimal  Decimal to fraction  Fraction to percent  Measurement, ex. Meters to feet

 Exponent – Exponents are sometimes called powers and they indicate the number of times a number should be multiplied by itself.  For example 6 3 mean 6 x 6 x 6 and would equal 216.  Scientific Notation – Allows us to write very large or very small numbers in a more compact form using powers(exponents) with a base of ten.  213,000,000 = 2.13 x 10 8  Square roots are the opposite of squaring allowing us to find our original answer after we’ve squared something.

 What do we do when exponent isn’t a positive whole number?  Lets start with the negatives. If positive exponents mean to multiply then negative exponents mean to divide.  2 -3 is the same as 1/2 3 or 1/8  When it’s on the bottom of a fraction (1/2 -3 ) we can bring it up top and make it positive so it would simply be 2 3 or 8

1. These are little harder to understand and remember how they work. 2. Start with X * X, we know this equals X 2 3. Now what’s X 2 * X 2 a) X 4 4. In both case we add the exponents so X 1/2 * X 1/2 has to equal X 5. Squaring a number is defined as the product of a number and itself. So what we actually did was (X 1/2 ) 2 = X 6. Square root is the function that undoes squaring for example the square root of 25 is 5 because 5 2 equals Take the square root of both sides of the equation in number 5 to see what X 1/2 equals