Anglo-Saxon Literature. Origins of Anglo-Saxon Poetry Began with the Celtic druids Druids memorized and recited long heroic poems about Celtic leaders.

Slides:



Advertisements
Similar presentations
Anglo-Saxon Literature
Advertisements

Beowulf.
+ BEOWULF =v9qpqyO_dmU.
An Introduction to Beowulf
Pre-Reading Notes. If you like action movies, you will probably like Beowulf. The hero has… Amazing strength Courage A ruthless villain (actually two)
You Need Paper!!!!!. Beowulf ► Composed around 700 A.D. ► The story had been in circulation as an oral narrative for many years before it was written.
Beowulf an epic poem. What is an epic or a saga?  A long story, often in the form of a poem  Based on historic or legendary events  Tells the exploits.
Beowulf Background  Oral tradition – books, stories, poems passed along by word of mouth  Beowulf takes place in 6 th century Scandinavia  Originally.
Beowulf.
Unit 1 Anglo Saxon British Literature Ms. Carroll.
EpIcgenreEpIcgenreEpIcgenreEpIcgenre ANGLOSAXONSANGLOSAXONSANGLOSAXONSANGLOSAXONS.
The Anglo-Saxon Period ( A.D.) Study Guide/Notes
Beowulf – 700(?). Beowulf This epic poem marks the beginning of English literature. It was recited by scops for about 300 years before it was written.
Beowulf Why Beowulf? Provenance Setting Poetic devices Terms Themes.
The Anglo-Saxons A. D..
Anglo-Saxon Literature
Beowulf Honors English 12. The Basics  Who?  What?  When?  Where?  Why?
Mrs. Llanos  Author unknown  Epic – a long narrative poem detailing a hero’s deeds.  Passed down orally by storytellers known as scops,
Beowulf English 11 CP. What is an epic?  A long narrative poem that tell of the adventure of heroes  Originally survived as oral tradition  Based on.
Introduction to Beowulf Classics to Contemporary Literature Heroism Unit Classical Selection.
Anastasia Bergamo Liceo Scientifico “A. Einstein” 3^ A anno scolastico CULTURE AND LITERATURE IN ENGLAND IN THE MIDDLE AGES.
Beowulf is an epic An epic is a long poem about a larger than life hero.
A long narrative poem that celebrates the deeds of a great hero.
Unknown Poet. Germanic traditional epic Specifically Anglo-Saxon Warring culture 3,000 line epic poem First literary composition in the English Language.
Introductory Guide to Beowulf
The Anglo-Saxon Period ( A.D.) Study Guide/Notes.
The First People Britain first settled by Celts Celts came from continental Europe between B.C. 2 Celtic Tribes who settled the British Isles-BRITONS.
Old English Literature of the Anglo-Saxon Period 449 – 1066 A.D.
 English History  Setting  Why Beowulf? Beowulf  Poetic devices  Terms  Motifs.
Beowulf BEOWULF.
JEOPARDY SLIDES It wouldn’t let me upload the game in its original format, but he’s the questions and answers we used in our class jeopardy.
Beowulf Circa Epic What is an Epic? A long narrative poem- Tells of heroic deeds- Gives a history of a nation or culture Beowulf is an Oral Epic.
The Epic, Epic Hero, and Beowulf
Beowulf Background Notes.
Anglo-Saxons & Romans Romans conquer Celtic tribes in Britain Roman Empire begins to fall = Romans leave Britain Germanic tribes (Angles, Saxons, and.
Beowulf. The Epic Hero Predestined Of mysterious origin Vulnerable Embodies cultural ideals.
Background and Introduction
Beowulf – 700(?). Beowulf This epic poem marks the beginning of English literature. It was recited by scops for about 300 years before it was written.
 Provenance  Setting  Why Beowulf? Beowulf  Poetic devices  Terms  Themes.
Beowulf. Why Study Beowulf? 1. Beowulf is the oldest poem in the English language, so everything written since Beowulf stems from it in some way 2. The.
BEOWULF. Anglo-Saxon Period The Anglo-Saxon period is the earliest recorded time period in English history.
Beowulf An epic tradition. Why Study Beowulf? 1. Beowulf is the oldest poem in the English language, so everything written since Beowulf stems from it.
Anglo-Saxon Period AD. Celts Welsh language isolated for centuries Flamboyant descriptions 55 B.C. Julius Caesar invades Briton 55 B.C
English 12.  Beowulf is from the Anglo-Saxon culture ◦ They are descendents from three different groups of Germanic people– the Angles, Saxons, and Jutes.
An Epic Poem. An epic is a long narrative poem sometimes developed orally uses elevated language to describe heroic deeds and legendary events.
OLD ENGLISH LITERATURE ( )
BEOWULF Literary Concepts. SETTING Setting refers to the time and place in which the action of a story occurs.
Beowulf Lecture Notes.
Beowulf A Look at Epic Poetry.
What is an EPIC? Narrative in poem form Has a hero
Beowulf.
Anglo Saxon Period
Beowulf: The Beginnings of English Literature
A Review of “Beowulf” British Literature.
Beowulf Why Beowulf? English History Setting Poetic devices Terms
Introductory Notes British Literature
Beowulf is an epic An epic is a long poem about a larger than life hero.
Beowulf Why Beowulf? Provenance Setting Poetic devices Terms Themes.
Beowulf.
Anglo-Saxon Poetry, the Epic, and Beowulf
BEOWULF.
Beowulf Introduction.
BEOWULF The Epic begins.
Anglo-Saxon Poetry, the Epic, and Beowulf
The Anglo-Saxons ( ) Elegiac poetry- “The Seafarer”
The Anglo-Saxon Period
Beowulf Why Beowulf? Provenance Setting Poetic devices Terms Themes.
Beowulf Why Beowulf? Provenance Setting Poetic devices Terms Themes.
Beowulf Why Beowulf? Provenance Setting Poetic devices Terms Themes.
Beowulf An epic tradition.
Presentation transcript:

Anglo-Saxon Literature

Origins of Anglo-Saxon Poetry Began with the Celtic druids Druids memorized and recited long heroic poems about Celtic leaders and their deeds Anglo-Saxon literature began as an oral tradition. Purpose: To pass along tribal history and values to an audience that could not read

Origins Continued Anglo-Saxons brought a rudimentary alphabet with them from Northern Europe – runes Anglo-Saxons brought a rudimentary alphabet with them from Northern Europe – runes Chiefly used for inscriptions. Chiefly used for inscriptions. Few Anglo-Saxons could read or write and, like the Celts, depended on an oral tradition. Few Anglo-Saxons could read or write and, like the Celts, depended on an oral tradition.

What’s Left of the Literature Very little survives Very little survives Monks copied down what was previously oral; written in Latin Monks copied down what was previously oral; written in Latin Alfred the Great – translated works back into Old English or Anglo-Saxon Alfred the Great – translated works back into Old English or Anglo-Saxon “Beowulf” survives as do fragments of other epics; religious poems; and a small group of dramatic poems (“Seafarer” is an example) and riddles “Beowulf” survives as do fragments of other epics; religious poems; and a small group of dramatic poems (“Seafarer” is an example) and riddles

Setting for Anglo-Saxon Literature Ceremonial occasions Ceremonial occasions Gathered in the the mead hall or castle Gathered in the the mead hall or castle Performances were expected Performances were expected Likely began with the telling of riddles Likely began with the telling of riddles Scops – professional story tellers Scops – professional story tellers Assistants – gleeman Assistants – gleeman Recite for hours, sometimes days Recite for hours, sometimes days Accompanied by lyre or harp Accompanied by lyre or harp

Composition of Anglo-Saxon Poetry Set formulaic composition Set formulaic composition Formal, rigid pattern of word stresses (4?) Formal, rigid pattern of word stresses (4?) Caesura – pause mid-line Caesura – pause mid-line Alliteration – of first part of each half Alliteration – of first part of each half Repetition Repetition Kennings – descriptive compound words Kennings – descriptive compound words “sea stallions” = ships

Types of Poetry Lyric: to communicate personal thought and feeling; usually shorter; “Seafarer” Lyric: to communicate personal thought and feeling; usually shorter; “Seafarer” Epic: long narrative poem recording the adventures of a hero; typically epics chronicle the origins of a civilization and embody its central values Epic: long narrative poem recording the adventures of a hero; typically epics chronicle the origins of a civilization and embody its central values

“Beowulf” Purpose: to attain a degree of immortality Purpose: to attain a degree of immortality Remember, there is a strong belief in Wyrd, human destiny controlled by fate; ultimate and inescapable fate is death Remember, there is a strong belief in Wyrd, human destiny controlled by fate; ultimate and inescapable fate is death However, a person who won fame by performing heroic deeds might achieve a degree of immortality through the recitation of these deeds in poetry However, a person who won fame by performing heroic deeds might achieve a degree of immortality through the recitation of these deeds in poetry

Review of Epic Poetry Long narrative Long narrative Tells of the exploits of a larger than life hero Tells of the exploits of a larger than life hero Embodies the ideals of the culture Embodies the ideals of the culture Style: grave, and stately language befitting the subject of the poetry Style: grave, and stately language befitting the subject of the poetry

Anglo-Saxon Values Demonstrated by the Anglo-Saxon hero Demonstrated by the Anglo-Saxon hero Courage Courage Loyalty to king Loyalty to king Wisdom Wisdom Physical Strength Physical Strength Boasting Boasting Determination Determination Commitment to warfare/acceptance of violence Commitment to warfare/acceptance of violence

Origins of “Beowulf” Composed in Northumbira in Old English Composed in Northumbira in Old English Scops recited for 300 years before it was written down Scops recited for 300 years before it was written down First great work of national literature First great work of national literature Only one original manuscript survives – in British Museum of London – discovered in the 18 th century Only one original manuscript survives – in British Museum of London – discovered in the 18 th century

Composition of “Beowulf” 3200 lines 3200 lines Three parts: Beowulf vs. Grendel; Beowulf vs. Grendel’s mother; and Beowulf vs. the Dragon Three parts: Beowulf vs. Grendel; Beowulf vs. Grendel’s mother; and Beowulf vs. the Dragon Distinctive features: two part line with caesura; 4 beats per line; alliteration; kennings Distinctive features: two part line with caesura; 4 beats per line; alliteration; kennings Anonymous author – Christian references and references to Greek and Roman mythology Anonymous author – Christian references and references to Greek and Roman mythology Concept of the hero Concept of the hero Conflict between good and evil Conflict between good and evil

Setting for “Beowulf” Beowulf is a Geat (southern Sweden) Beowulf is a Geat (southern Sweden) Starts from homeland to try to free Danish King Hrothgar’s great banquet hall, Heorot, of a monster, Grendel, that has been ravaging it for 12 years. Starts from homeland to try to free Danish King Hrothgar’s great banquet hall, Heorot, of a monster, Grendel, that has been ravaging it for 12 years. The one verifiable historical event in the poem, Hygelac’s death took place about 520. So, nearly 500 years between that first event and the poem’s first written form. The one verifiable historical event in the poem, Hygelac’s death took place about 520. So, nearly 500 years between that first event and the poem’s first written form.