Periodic Table Charges Group 1 = (+ 1 charge) Group 2 = (+2 charge) Group 18 = (no charge – neutral) Group 17 = (-1 charge) Group 16 = (-2 charge) Group 15 = (-3 charge)

Atomic Number Each atom’s atomic number gives you 3 things. It gives you the atomic number It gives you the number of protons It gives you the number of electrons

Valence Electrons Valence electrons are in the outermost energy level. If an ion has a few valence, then likely it will combine with another ion that nearly has all the valence electrons it needs….just is lacking a few. So the atom that only has a few valence electrons will give them up (becoming a positive ion) and the atom that almost has enough valence electrons, will take electrons (becoming a negative ion).

Electron Shells Only a certain number of electrons can fit into each electron shell. 1 st shell = 2 electrons 2 nd shell = 8 electrons 3 rd shell = 18 electrons 4 th shell = 32 electrons

Guided Practice -Problem 1a Atomic Number = Protons = Electrons = Valence Electrons =

Guided Practice -Problem 1a Atomic Number = 4 Protons = Electrons = Valence Electrons =

Guided Practice -Problem 1a Atomic Number = 4 Protons = 4 Electrons = Valence Electrons =

Guided Practice -Problem 1a Atomic Number = 4 Protons = 4 Electrons = 4 Valence Electrons =

Guided Practice -Problem 1a Atomic Number = 4 Protons = 4 Electrons = 4 Valence Electrons =

Guided Practice -Problem 1a Atomic Number = 4 Protons = 4 Electrons = 4 Valence Electrons = 2 dots on last ring

Guided Practice – Problem 1b Atomic Number = Protons = Electrons = Valence Electrons =

Guided Practice – Problem 1b Atomic Number = 5 Protons = Electrons = Valence Electrons =

Guided Practice – Problem 1b Atomic Number = 5 Protons = 5 Electrons = Valence Electrons =

Guided Practice – Problem 1b Atomic Number = 5 Protons = 5 Electrons = 5 Valence Electrons =

Guided Practice – Problem 1b Atomic Number = 5 Protons = 5 Electrons = 5 Valence Electrons =

Guided Practice – Problem 1b Atomic Number = 5 Protons = 5 Electrons = 5 Valence Electrons =

Answer – Problem 1b Atomic Number = 5 Protons = 5 Electrons = 5 Valence Electrons =

Answer – Problem 1b Atomic Number = 5 Protons = 5 Electrons = 5 Valence Electrons = 3 dots on last ring

Guided Practice - Problem 1c What are the following charges for these ions? Na = O = Ne = I =

Answer -Problem 1c What are the following charges for these ions? Na = (+1) O = (-2) Ne = (No charge – neutral) I = -1

Guided Practice - Problem 1d If you did not have the Periodic table to look at and were just given an atomic number…..how would you figure out the charge?

Answer – Problem 1d You need to understand about how valence electrons impact the charge and that when electrons get taken away, an atom becomes an charged positive ion and when an atom steals electrons, it becomes a charged negative ion. 2 valence electrons = +2 charge 1 valence electron = +1 charge 7 valence electrons = -1 charge 6 valence electrons = -2 charge 8 valence electrons = no charge (neutral)