Phases of Matter Cornell Notes page 121

Definite Indefinite Clearly defined or determined Fixed (stays the same) No fixed limit; unlimited Not clearly determined Doesn’t stay the same

MoleculeOne or more atoms chemically combined to make a single molecule.

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SolidsDefinite volume Definite shape (solids keep their shape and keep the same volume, no matter what container they are in) Molecules form a rigid structure Low energy

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LiquidsDefinite volume Indefinite shape (liquids maintain the same volume, but will take the shape of their container.) Molecules slide past each other Higher energy level

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GasesIndefinite volume Indefinite shape Gases expand to fit their container, changing both volume and shape Molecules move freely past each other Highest energy level

Phase Changes in Matter page 121

Heat Temperature form of energy Adding energy/heat to a molecule speeds up the motion of the molecules and increases the space between them, (removing heat does the opposite.) A measure of heat

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Melting Freezing solid turns into liquid Heat/energy is added to molecules liquid turns into solid Heat/energy is removed from molecules

Melting Point/ Freezing Point Temperature at which a substances melts/freezes. Varies depending on substance

Evaporation Condensation Liquid turns into gas Heat/energy added Gas turns into a liquid Heat/energy removed

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Boiling Point/ Condensation Point Temperature at which substance turns from liquid to gas or gas to liquid. Varies depending on substance

Sublimation Solid turns directly into a gas without passing through liquid phase.

Kinetic Theory Explanation of how particles in matter behave