INFECTIOUS DISEASES

MICROBES True / False page 399 Living things too small to be seen without a microscope Most are harmless Pathogens – microbes that cause diseases

BACTERIA Some beneficial (which ones in body?) Tetanus – caused by toxin from bacteria inside of a wound (reason you wash wounds out) Tuberculosis – infection of the lungs; easily spread and some strains are drug-resistant Lyme Disease – spread by ticks (vaccine)

VIRUSES Much smaller than bacteria Are they constructed the same? Cold and flu (influenza) Shingles – painful skin condition from same virus as chicken pox (can pass it to others) Chronic Fatigue Syndrome – severe tiredness

OTHERS Fungi (Yeasts and molds) – athlete’s foot Protozoa Worms (pinworms) Lice

CONTROLLING INFECTIOUS DISEASES TB, Hepatitis, Pneumonia, Polio, Measles, Rubella, Mumps, AIDS How to control? Public programs Immunization Increase level of sanitary procedures (safe water)

HOW THE BODY DEFENDS ITSELF Which body systems? Barriers Skin Membranes inside body (mucus, cilia) White blood cells / T cells (can recognize enemy cells by shape) Memory cells stay for years (easier to fight same infection later) Antibiotics (are they helpful or harmful?) Fever (good or bad)

AVOIDING INFECTIONS Sanitary level Diet Stress Rest Wash hands Proper handling of food / preparation of foods