Chapter 1 The Basics of Geography

What do geographers study? What do geographers study? Physical features of the earth, (mountains and rivers). Human features, (religion and ethnicity).

How is geography different from history? How is geography different from history? Historians are primarily concerned with questions about time, whereas geographers are concerned with questions of space.

Facts about the earth The earth is not round but is slightly flattened at the poles. The earth is not round but is slightly flattened at the poles. The total distance from the highest point on the earth, Mt. Everest (29,035), to the lowest point on earth, Mariana Trench (35,840 ft. below sea level), is just over 12 miles. The total distance from the highest point on the earth, Mt. Everest (29,035), to the lowest point on earth, Mariana Trench (35,840 ft. below sea level), is just over 12 miles. How many feet are in a mile? How many feet are in a mile? * 5,280

Human Geography People in different parts of the world have special combinations of characteristics that make them unique. Cultural geographers often use these characteristics to define places and regions. Come up with a list of characteristics that may separate one group of people from another.

Most Populated Countries in the World 1China1,298,847,624 1China1,298,847,624China 2India1,065,070,607 2India1,065,070,607India 3United States293,027,571 3United States293,027,571United StatesUnited States 4Indonesia238,452,952 4Indonesia238,452,952Indonesia 5Brazil184,101,109 5Brazil184,101,109Brazil 6Pakistan159,196,336 6Pakistan159,196,336Pakistan 7Russia143,974,059 7Russia143,974,059Russia 8Bangladesh141,340,476 8Bangladesh141,340,476Bangladesh 9Japan127,333,002 9Japan127,333,002Japan 10Nigeria125,750,356 10Nigeria125,750,356Nigeria 11Mexico104,959,594 11Mexico104,959,594Mexico 12Philippines86,241,697 12Philippines86,241,697Philippines

In your opinion is the global population too large? In your opinion is the global population too large? Give reasons for your beliefs? Give reasons for your beliefs?

Chapter 1 Section 1 Five Themes of Geography Five Themes of Geography 1. Location (Where is it?) 2. Place (What is it like?) 3. Region (How are places similar or different?) 4. Movement (How do people, goods, and ideas move from one location to another?) 5. Human-Environment Interaction (How do people relate to the physical world?)

What tools and methods are used by geographers? What tools and methods are used by geographers? Maps, photographs, scale models, the five themes of geography.

Location is key Absolute location- The exact place on earth where a geographic feature, such as a city is found. (Basically where we use longitude and latitude). Absolute location- The exact place on earth where a geographic feature, such as a city is found. (Basically where we use longitude and latitude). Relative location- Describes a place in comparison to other places around it. Relative location- Describes a place in comparison to other places around it.

Place, what is it like? A location’s culture and its use of space may change over time, thus the description of a place may also change. A location’s culture and its use of space may change over time, thus the description of a place may also change. Place features examples; parks, plazas, downtown, courthouse and parade grounds. Place features examples; parks, plazas, downtown, courthouse and parade grounds.

Region, *Similarities & Differences Regions are defined by a limited number of related characteristics. Regions are defined by a limited number of related characteristics. What characteristics do the United States and Canada have in common? What characteristics do the United States and Canada have in common? Location, size, landform, culture, history, type of government and economy.

How do the two countries differ? How do the two countries differ? Political power, climate zones, official languages and amount of developed land. Which characteristics do you think are most important in making the United States and Canada a formal region? Location, culture, economy and standard of living.

Human-Environment Interaction How do people relate to the physical world? How do people relate to the physical world? As humans we learn to use what the environment offers and to change the environment to meet our basic needs. As humans we learn to use what the environment offers and to change the environment to meet our basic needs.

What are some examples of the positive and negative effects of people altering their environments? What are some examples of the positive and negative effects of people altering their environments? Positive- Makes places safer and more livable. Positive- Makes places safer and more livable. Negative- Pollutes and destroys natural beauty. Negative- Pollutes and destroys natural beauty.

Movement How do people, goods and ideas move from one location to another? How do people, goods and ideas move from one location to another? Geographers analyze movement by looking at three types of distance. Geographers analyze movement by looking at three types of distance. 1. Linear 2. Time 3. Psychological

Linear distance- how far across the earth a person, idea or product travels. (miles) Linear distance- how far across the earth a person, idea or product travels. (miles) Time distance- is the amount of time it takes for a person, an idea or product to travel. Time distance- is the amount of time it takes for a person, an idea or product to travel. Psychological distance- refers to the way people view distance. Psychological distance- refers to the way people view distance.