The Third Nine Weeks Benchmark Review
What were the North’s advantages in the Civil War? More factories More industry More gold More population More railroads More banks
How did the South have an advantage during the Civil War? We had Better Generals
What were the South’s disadvantages in the Civil War? Smaller population than the North Less factories Less industry Only one foundry Less railroads Less gold Less banks
Why was the Confederate defeat important at Vicksburg? Because it split the Confederacy right down the middle along the Mississippi river
How did Jim Crow laws come to be and what are they? They allow separate facilities based on race in the South They segregate They became laws because the South was angry at the Federal government’s reconstruction policies in the South
The Turning Point of the Civil War is? Gettysburg
Why was the KKK created? As a vigilante terrorist group they restricted the rights and lives of freedmen
People in the late 1800’s believed that Chinese immigrants were keeping wages and salaries low or down so they did what? Passed the Chinese exclusion Act which stopped Chinese immigration to America
Who did the Emancipation Proclamation apply to? Slaves in Confederate states only
Why was Andrew Johnson really impeached? He was in a power struggle with Congress over how to handle reconstruction
What is the number one reason for the rise of Imperialism? The need for raw materials and new markets To have colonies To increase business opportunities
What did the Freedman’s Bureau do? Helped educate and provided assistance to newly freed slaves
What did the Supreme Court Dred Scott decision establish? That Congress had no right to make any laws in the territories and states about slaves because they were property
What is Thomas Edison known for? Inventing the light bulb, moving pictures, phonograph,
What exactly did the Emancipation Proclamation do? Freed the slaves in the Confederate states only
Who was the founder of the AFL ( American Federation of Labor) Samuel Gompers
What muckraker exposed corruption in the Standard Oil company? Ida Tarbell
What is naturalization? The process by which an immigrant becomes a citizen of a country
What did Lincoln’s plan for reconstruction call for? 10% of all southern voters to take an oath of Allegiance to the Union
What is the place called Wounded Knee known for? A group of very old and very young Lakota Sioux Indians fled U.S. army soldiers after doing the Ghost dance because they were afraid of getting in trouble American soldiers followed and massacred them at a place called Wounded Knee End of Indian resistance to the USA
What did W.E. Du Bois want? Immediate equality for all African- Americans
What organization did W.E. Du Bois establish?
According to the Roosevelt Corollary, what area do other nations need to stay out of or face the wrath of Teddy’s “Big Stick”? Western Hemisphere
What is popular sovereignty? The people rule They make the decisions BY VOTING
How did the Pullman Strike end in 1894? Federal troops were called in and ended the strike with force and arms
Who is John D. Rockefeller and what is he known for? Created Standard Oil Company which at one time owned 95% of all oil production in America Ida Tarbell, muckraker exposed his ruthless business practices
What 3 acts of the government worked to eliminate unfair business practices in America? Interstate Commerce Act Sherman Anti-Trust Act Clayton Anti-Trust Act
When stronger nations try to control smaller or weaker nations this is called what? imperialism
What two railroads built the first Transcontinental Railroad? Union Pacific Central Pacific
The Meat Inspection Act was passed because who wrote a book about what industry? Upton Sinclair wrote The Jungle
What did William Seward buy for America? Alaska
Who organized Hull House? Jane Addams
What was popular sovereignty in the Kansas- Nebraska Act? The people were allowed to vote on if they wanted a slave state or a free state
What amendment abolished slavery? 13th
What does Lincoln’s second inaugural address hope for? “charity for all, malice towards none….Bind up the wounds of this nation and make a lasting peace among ourselves” America to be united once again as one country
What do all immigrants have in common? They come to America to do better economically and/or have freedom
What did the Interstate Commerce Act provide for? Concerning Railroads they: Forbade rebates and pools Required rate schedules Fixed rates Enforced rates
How did American workers fight for better working conditions in the 1800 and 1900’s? Joined Unions
Why is the Panama Canal important to Americans? It made it much quicker to travel from the Atlantic to the Pacific coast
What is the court case Plessy v. Ferguson noted for establishing? That “separate but equal” is legal and not a problem
What 2 movements wanted the government to address political and economic problems in the later 1800’s? Progressive Party Populist Party
What are the strengths of reconstruction? The 3 Civil Rights amendments (13,14,15) The Freedman’s Bureau Public education starts in the South
What is the time of major reforms in the early 1900’s called? Progressive Era
What is a monopoly? When one business or company has complete control of an industry
Who was George Custer? American General killed at Little Big Horn by the Sioux Indians
Who are some of the major Indian resistance leaders of the late 1800’s? Sitting Bull Geronimo Chief Joseph Crazy Horse
What did the Populist Party, a third party,offer to Americans? A different choice than the major 2 political parties
What are the major results of the Spanish American War? Cuba is freed and becomes independent We get the Philippines, Guam and Puerto Rico The USA becomes a world power
What is friendly fire? When a soldier is killed by his own men accidentally
What Southern General was killed by friendly fire and where did this happen? Thomas “Stonewall” Jackson Chancellorsville
What are the benefits of a transcontinental railroad? Supplies, goods, mail, and people move more quickly across the country making the cost of goods cheaper and therefore creating wealth
Why did Teddy Roosevelt come up with a Corollary to the Monroe doctrine that said America might have to sometimes act as a policeman? He said he had to make this corollary( addition) because wrong doing by international powers might necessitate the USA becoming an international police force in the Western Hemisphere
The treaty that ended the Spanish American war said what? Spain gives up Cuba and it becomes independent Guam, Philippines, and Puerto Rico are given to the USA
What did trusts do in order to increase profits? They eliminate business competition by setting prices
Who gave America the right to build a canal in Panama? Panama
Why was Ellis Island established? To address the increase of immigration to America in the late 1800’s Processing center for immigrants
Immigration changes in the later 1800’s Early immigrants ( : From England and Ireland Mainly Northern Europe Later Immigrants (1850 to 1930) From Russia, Italy, Slavic countries Mainly from Southern and Central Europe
How did our country change from the indirect election of senators to direct election? A constitutional amendment (number 17) was passed by the people
Aims and goals of the Progressive party To reform American politics by getting passed the recall, referendum, initiative and direct election of senators amendments to the constitution
Compromise of 1877 There is a tie for the Presidency Southern Democrat senators tell candidate Rutherford Hayes in a “smoke filled room bargain” that they will make sure he wins if he agrees to end Reconstruction in the South Hayes does and becomes President Hayes withdraws all troops from South
Teddy Roosevelt and conservation Government’s role is to protect and preserve (conserve) the wild areas from being abused and destroyed Created national parks like Yellowstone
Key to getting map questions correct Read the legend and key m.com/civilwarpage2. htmhttp:// m.com/civilwarpage2. htm
Two early civil rights activists are Booker Washington Wanted gradual integration of Freedmen into white society Instrumental in starting vocational education and rehab in the south W.E.B. du Bois Wanted immediate integration of freedmen into white society Founded the NAACP
How did state and local governments restrict freedoms of African Americas ? Poll taxes Literacy tests KKK Jim Crow laws Black codes
What do poll taxes do? Make people pay money in order to vote or register to vote
How did the USA get the Panama Canal? Teddy Roosevelt and Congress helped Panama become an independent nation from Colombia Panama then gave the USA a lease to build the canal in their country and we did
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