Chapter 30

French Controlled Vietnam From 1800 until war –Plantations –Strict laws –Restricted Freedom of speech –Jailed many dissenters

Vietnamese fight back 1930 Indochinese Communist party staged a number of revolts Ho Chi Minh 1940 Japan took over control of vietnam Ho Chi Minh formed the Vietminh

Dwight D. Eisenhower The “Domino Theory” One country falls, they will all begin to fall

1954 Vietminh defeat the French at Dien Bien Phu

Geneva Convention France, Great Britain, The Soviet Union, The United States, China, Laos, and Cambodia convened with The Vietminh and South Vietnam to iron out the problems and settle on a peace agreement. Divided Vietnam at the 17 th Parallel into two countries.

North Vietnam/South Vietnam North –Communist lead by Ho Chi Minh South –Anti-Communist lead by Ngo Dinh Diem

Vietcong/VC

Ho Chi Minh Trail Ho Chi Minh was Secretly supplying the VC with arms and other supplies along the Ho Chi Minh trail

Protest to American Involvement in Vietnam

Tonkin Gulf Resolution USS Maddox was attacked in the Tonkin Gulf Tonkin Gulf Resolution gave the President unrestrictive power to deal with Vietnam

William Westmoreland Became the commander of the American forces in Southeast Asia

New Style of Fighting Jungle Warfare & Camouflage What do you see? Not all images are military images

Tunnel Systems

Credibility Gap Media would report on a daily basis about the war with live footage. This causes the government to be forthright in their explanation of the war itself.

Selective Service Act Most soldiers were sent to the front lies by the draft Draft dodging and Draft card burning became prominent part of the counter culture.

Cultural Dilemmas in Vietnam Race –The home front still fighting racial segregation and the Civil Rights movement –MLK speaks out against war because blacks fighting for country that does not grant them equality Women –Began to join the service in supporting roles. –Men concerned about seeing women blown to pieces and the emotional impact on soldiers.

Turning point of the war

Johnson Resigns With the weight of Vietnam Bearing down on him Tet Offensive Johnson decides not to run for a second term

Richard Nixon 1968 Nixon becomes next President of the US Vows to bring home American Soldiers

Vietnamization The gradual reduction of troops in Vietnam

Rolling Thunder While the troop size was being reduce The Bombs being dropped increased

Bomb Tonnage dropped WWII and Korea –2.6 Million tons dropped combined Vietnam –8 Million Tons dropped

My Lai Massacre

Nixon Announces plan to invade Cambodia as part of his Vietnamization process

Kent State

Saigon Fall soon after US Departure

War Powers Act Extension of Executive Privilege 48 Hours to inform Congress Leave troops for 90 days without declaration of war

Wall of Heroes