1 Chapter 2 Uses and Limitations. 2 Chapter 2 Contents l The Chinese Room l HAL – Fantasy or Reality? l AI in the 21 st Century.

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Presentation transcript:

1 Chapter 2 Uses and Limitations

2 Chapter 2 Contents l The Chinese Room l HAL – Fantasy or Reality? l AI in the 21 st Century

3 The Chinese Room l A thought experiment used to argue against strong AI. l A non-Chinese speaker is in a room with a set of cards with Chinese characters, and a set of instructions in English. l Questions in Chinese are fed into the room, and by following the instructions, the human is able to produce answers. l The room appears to understand Chinese – it can answer questions in the language – but the human inside cannot.

4 HAL – Fantasy or Reality l HAL – the computer in the film 2001: A Space Odyssey. nPlays chess with humans (and wins). nReads people’s lips. nEngages in conversation with humans. l Computers can play chess, and beat most players. l Reading lips is very hard to automate. l The conversational skills of the best systems today are very weak.

5 Hyperlink to Video Clip of 2001 l csm.semo.edu/zhang/cs490/ClassFile s/AI02.ppt csm.semo.edu/zhang/cs490/ClassFile s/AI02.ppt l LaUsU

6 AI in the 21 st Century l AI is everywhere. l Fuzzy logic is used in elevators, washing machines and cars. l Intelligent agents are used in many software applications. l Robots explore other worlds, and toy robots play with children (and some adults). l Expert systems diagnose diseases and recommend remedies. l Computer games use AI.