条件句 条件句谓语形式 主句谓语形式 现在情况 过去情况 将来情况 虚拟语气用法 If + 主语 + 过去式 主语 + would+ v if+ 主语 +had pp Ｓ.+would+have pp If + s. + 过去式 If + s. +should+ v If +s.+were to + v s.+ should +v

1. Much labor would have been saved if the electronic computers_____ before. A. had invented B. should have been invented C. were invented D. had been invented 2. If only you __him what I said! Everything would have been all right. A. didn't told B hadn't told C. would not tell D. would have not told 3.Jean doesn't want to work right away because she thinks that if she ___a job she probably wouldn't be able to see her friends very often. A. has to get B. were to get C. had got D. could have got 4.Ask him to ring me up if you __ him. A. should see C.saw B. would see D. will see

5.If my father _here now, he _tell me what to do. A. were, would B were, will C. is, would D is, will 6.If I _a bee, I _ work much harder. A. were, would B. were, shall C had, will D. have, should 7.If I _you, I _ do that. A. was, wouldn ’ t B. were, wouldn ’ t C. am, won ’ t D. were, won ’ t 8.It ’ s quite impossible that it will rain tomorrow. But if it ___, I would still go to the park. A. should rain B. would rain C. rained D had rained 9.__ tomorrow, what should we do? A If it rains B. Should it rain C. Would it rain D. Were it raining

10.He _ learn more quickly if he _ harder. A. will, work B. would, worked C. would, work D. will, worked 11.I don ’ t think that I shall fail. But if I __, I would try again. A.should fail B. would fail C failed D.had failed 12.If I _ much money, I _ buy a house. A. have, will B. had, should C. had, will D have, should *1) “ if ” 虚拟语气倒装形式的使用： 如果 “ if ” 从句中含有 “ were, had ” 或 “ should ” 时， 则可省略连词 “ if ” ，而把 “ were, had ” 或 “ should ” 移至主语之前。 1) Were I you (=if I were you ), I would …. 2) Had they not come last time (=If they had not come last time), we would have done …. 3) Should it rain tomorrow (= If it should rain tomorrow), she would …

1. 动词后宾语从句中的虚拟语气。在动词 suggest, insist, order, command, require, request, demand 等后面的宾语 从句中， 动词形式一般用 “ should + 动词原形，或省略 should 用 动词原形，以表示建议，劝说， 命令， 要求的语气 ; 在 It ’ s suggested /ordered/required/demanded/ decided/orded/ necessary/important/strange/vital 等结构的主语从句中， 或 suggestion, order, idea 等词的同位语从句和表语从句中， 也应 用 should + 动词原形， 或省略 should ， 以适合于说话人所表 示的建议或要求， 命令的语气。 如 It's necessary /important that every party member (should ) take the lead and work well. 2. 虚拟语气的特殊动词， 词组， 句形。 1) about time should v It + time + that + 主语＋ high time v-ed 2) What if ….? --He would go to see you. ---___ He did not come? A. What if B. Where if C. What come D. why whether

3. “ wish ” 在宾语从句中 V-ed …. 表现在 wish + 主语（宾从中主语） + had + 表过去 could/would/ might + V. 表将来 4. as if, as though 表不可能，不真实情况时的虚拟语气 例 They look rather puzzled, as if /though they didn ’ t know. You look as if /though you had seen a ghost. He is very happy as if /though he could win the game. 5.would rather 在虚拟语气中的用法 V-ed 表现在或将来 would rather + 主语 ( 从句中 )+ had + 过去分词表过去 6. 混合条件句 主句与从句的动作发生在不同的时间，这时主，从 句谓语动词的虚拟语气形式因时间不同而不同，这叫做混合条件句。 If you had asked him yesterday, you would know what to do now. 从句与过去事实相反，主句与现在事实相反。） If it had rained last night ( 过去 ), it would be very cold today ( 现在 ).

7. 有时 if 条件句借助于 otherwise, or, but, but for, without, but that, unless, so long as, in case, on condition that, suppose, supposing that, provided, provided that 等词表达 出来, 同样还要用虚拟语气. 1.We might die without your help. 2.I had my hair cut off and sold it because I couldn ’ t have lived through Christmas without giving you a present. 3.I was busy last week otherwise I would have come to see you. 4.I would have given you more money, but I was so poor then. 5.I will go provided that/ providing/ providing that you go too. 6.I ’ ll cook plenty of potatoes just in case they decide to stay for dinner. 8. 一些固定词组中也含有虚语. 如,God save the King/Queen

Long live …,May you succeed 等. 9. 在一些非常正式的语言中 ( 如法律文献 ), 在 if 和 whatever 后面有 时用 be. If any person be found guilty, … …whatever be the reason…

1. I advised that sister ___ at her desk all day. A. mustn ’ t B not read C doesn ’ t read D needn ’ t read 2. The situation required that China __its door to the outside world. A.must open B.should open C.have to openD.has to open 3.I __ you a more valuable present for your birthday. I was short of money at that time. A. must have brought B. would have bought C. had bought D. would buy 4.--Do you want him to lend you some money? --I wish he __________. A. had B. did C. would D. should 5. ___he come, the problem would be settled. A. Would B. Should C. Shall D. If 6. It was required that each student _ enough food on the trip. A. had better bring B would bring C brought D bring

7.She didn ’ t come yesterday, or you __him. A. had seen B. might have seen C. were to see D. would see 9.__ you __last Wednesday, you might know it well. A. Were, to come B. If, came C. Had, come D. Did, come 10. I was ill that day, otherwise I __the sports meet. A. would have taken part in B took part in C. had taken part in D. would take part in 11.She couldn ’ t have answered the question if she __a few books on world history. A.didn ’ t read B.wouldn ’ t read C.haven ’ t read D.hadn ’ t read 12.When a pencil is partly in a glass of water, it looks as if it __. A. breaks B. has broken C. were broken D. had been broken 13.We should have arrived sooner but we __ a flat tyre. A. had B. would C. has not D. has

14.---Why didn ’ t you help him? ---I would have__ I didn ’ t have the money. A. still B. but C. otherwise D. or 15. I would rather she __ with her friends that alone. A. travel on train B. traveled by train C. travels by train D. travelling by the train 16.I would have invited her to the party but I __ her well. A. don't know B. didn ’ t know C. hadn ’ t known D. haven ’ t known 17.It was ordered that no smoking __ in the library. A. was allowed B. be allowed C. would be allowed D. had been allowed 18.Would you have stayed with her ___? A. had she asked B. if she asked C. if she should ask D. should she ask 19.__ here, he would attend the lecture. A. Had he been B. He were C Were he D Was he 20.Without electricity, what ___? A will the world be like B. would the world be like C. the world would be like D. the world will be like