i-Schools Movement Bertram C. Bruce U. of Illinois at Urbana-Champaign

1650 Curriculum (wealthy, male, English) Classic (Latin/Greek) –Drama –History –Philosophy Law Religion

1850 Curriculum (most whites complete primary) Geography Foreign languages English literature Skills for work

Morrill Act (1862) 90,000+ acres per state establish colleges in engineering, agriculture and military science 70 "land grant" colleges established

1900 Curriculum Immigration rate double the current level Curriculum –more inclusive –new sciences –mass literacy

Immigration "the people of the United States... have no right to carry their hospitality one step beyond the line where American institutions, the American rate of wages, the American standard of living, are brought into serious peril.” --Francis A. Walker (Census Bureau),1896

American Library Movement World War I "[the public library] outranks any other one thing that a community can do to help its people." --Andrew Carnegie literacy as crucial for social advancement and an enlightened civic discourse

U. of Illinois GSLIS Katharine Sharp, 1893 Allen & Delzell (Eds.) (1992). Ideals and Standards: The History of the U of I Graduate School of Library and Information Science

Growth & Impact free access to all 117,000 libraries; free public libraries in every town 400,000 staff American Library Association: 64,000 members

Decline of L schools Low status, 90% female Radio, TV, movies Growing importance of computing, internet

Gates Foundation 47,000 computers in 11,000 libraries 95% of U.S. public libraries offer Internet access

i-Schools U. of Michigan recognition that information science, computer science, and IT are increasingly overlapping in the information-age society 18 schools origins: library sci, computer sci, de novo, etc.

i-Conference, 2005 “Bridging Disciplines to Confront Grand Challenges” Essentials, grand challenges, identity, academic life

L vs. I I = new technologies, new possibilities, transforming the university L = traditional values of scholarship, access, service, democracy

Community Informatics Initiative works with people to develop ICT’s to achieve their goals fosters collaborations across campus, local, national and international communities innovative community networks, community technology centers, software, and library services.

Community Inquiry collaborative action to create knowledge and technology connected to people's values, history, and lived experiences; the development of models of engagement that are just, democratic, participatory, and open-ended; the integration of theory and practice in an experimental and critical manner.