DILUTION CALCULATIONS Molarity of Mixture = total moles of chemical in which we are interested total volume of mixture Dilute Solution – a solution with a relatively low concentration of a particular substance

DILUTION CALCULATIONS *Consider a concentrated solution that we add water to in order to make a dilute solution. C CONC = initial concentration of solution (more concentrated form) V CONC = initial volume of solution (more concentrated form) C DIL = diluted concentration (after water is added) V DIL = (total) diluted volume (after water is added)

DILUTION CALCULATIONS Recall that c = n/V...therefore n= c·V n CONC = moles of chemical in CONC solution = C CONC x V CONC n DIL = moles of chemical in DIL solution = C DIL x V DIL ** the amount of chemical has NOT changed when the solution is diluted. Only the total volume has changed (less concentrated)

DILUTION CALCULATIONS n CONC = n DIL C CONC x V CONC = C DIL x V DIL or... C 1 V 1 = C 2 V 2

DILUTION CALCULATIONS A. Simple Dilution of a Chemical in Solution Example #1: If mL of 0.800M HCl is added to mL of water, what is the resulting [HCl] in the mixture?

DILUTION CALCULATIONS B. Mixing 2 Solutions with Different Concentrations treat mixtures of two solutions as two separate “single dilutions” Example #2: If mL of M H 2 SO 4 is added to mL of M H 2 SO 4, what is the resulting [H 2 SO 4 ] in the mixture?

DILUTION CALCULATIONS 3. Making a Dilute Solution from a Concentrated Solution Example #3: What volume of 8.00 M H 2 O 2 is used in making up 1.5 L of 0.5 M H 2 O 2 ? Questions: p. 102 # 78-85, 87, 91, 93