Bell Ringer How did Texas become part of the United States?

Mexico won its independence from Spain in 1821

Texas Independence Empresarios – People that Mexico persuaded to move to Texas. They were given land as long as they agreed to the following: – Become a Mexican Citizen – Be loyal to the Catholic Church – Obey Mexican Laws – Learn Spanish

Sam Houston Texas Independence Stephen F. Austin General Santa Anna

Texas Independence The Alamo – Feb. 23, 1836 – Mar. 6, 1836 Independence Declared – March 2, 1836 Battle of San Jacinto – April 21, 1836 Santa Anna captured and he is forced to sign a treaty Sam Houston

Texas Independence Republic of Texas Many Texans wanted the US to annex, or take control of, Texas. President Andrew Jackson was worried about it. – Why would Jackson be worried about annexing Texas? – In 1837, Jackson recognized Texas’ independence, but decided against annexation.

Texas Independence 1836 – Martin Van Buren 1840 – John Tyler 1844 – James K. Polk – Passed a deal with the Senate to annex Oregon Territory (North) and Texas (South) 1845 Texas became the 28 th State

Bell Ringer What is manifest destiny? – The belief that the United States was destined by God to extend its boundaries to the Pacific Ocean.

The Mexican War Map Use the map on p. 356 & 363 to complete your own map. Color and label the following areas: – The United States – Mexico – Texas – Disputed Territories Label the following Rivers: – Nueces River – Rio Grande (aka Rio Bravo del Norte)

The Mexican War Map President James K. Polk wanted not just Texas, but all of California and New Mexico territories – US annexed Texas as the 28 th state – Mexico cut off diplomatic relations with the US. – He sent John Slidell to offer to buy California and New Mexico territories for $30 million plus what Mexico owed US citizens, if Mexico accepted the Rio Grande as the border of Texas. – If Mexico wouldn’t sell the territories Polk would gain them through war.

US Annexation of Texas Polk sent General Zachary Taylor to the region between the Nueces and Rio Grande (Corpus Christi). Talks with Mexico failed, Polk ordered Taylor to move closer to the Rio Grande. Mexican forces on the other side (Matamoras) asked Taylor to withdraw. Taylor refused and on April 25, 1846 the Mexican forces attacked 63 American soldiers, “some 16 were killed and wounded” and the rest were captured. General Zachary Taylor

Polk’s War Message On May 11, 1846 President Polk sent a message of war to the US Congress. – “But now, after reiterated (repeated) menaces, Mexico has passed the boundary of the United States, has invaded our territory and shed American blood upon the American soil. She has proclaimed that hostilities have commenced, and that the two nations are now at war.” Do you agree with President Polk’s justification for going to war with Mexico? Why or why not? May 13, 1846 the US Congress passed a declaration of war against Mexico.

US – Mexican War Please read p. 363 – 364 in your textbook – A War Plan, California Uprising, and Peace Terms – Answer the following questions in your notebook: What were Polk’s three goals to defeat Mexico? How were each of Polk’s goals accomplished? What was the name of the Peace Treaty and the terms the US and Mexico agreed to to end the war? What question did the country have to answer about the new territories?

US – Mexican War

May 13 th, 1846 Congress passed a declaration of war against Mexico. Polk had three goals: – Drive Mexican forces out of Texas – Seize New Mexico and California – Capture Mexico City

US – Mexican War Zachary Taylor had captured all of the towns in the disputed area between Mexico and Texas. General Stephan Kearney captured Santa Fe, New Mexico’s capital. General Winfield Scott sent to attack Mexico city. – It was captured in September 1847 February 2, 1848 Mexico signed the Treaty of Guadalupe Hidalgo – Gave the US California and New Mexico (525,000 mi 2 ) for $15 million plus $3.25 million in debts