BB#5 - Identifying Variables Controlled variables: Manipulated variable: Responding variable:

BRAIN BOOSTER #1 A.Make three observations about the image above

BRAIN BOOSTER #1 B. What questions come into your mind as you observe the image?

Salmonella Bacteria Salmonella is a type of bacteria commonly found in poultry and eggs. One kind of salmonella causes gastroenteritis (food poisoning). Symptoms include abdominal pain, fever, nausea, vomiting, and diarrhea.

Avoiding Salmonella Be sure to cook foods, such as chicken and eggs, thoroughly before eating them. Clean cooking surfaces after preparing raw chicken. Store food properly in refrigerator. Pay attention to cleanliness!!

Disease Detective Solves Mystery An Introduction to Scientific Inquiry

The Colorado Health Department had a problem. Seven children had become sick with diarrhea, stomach cramps, fever, and vomiting. Within days, another 43 people had the same symptoms. Tests indicated that they all had become infected with salmonella.

WHO IS THE ARTICLE ABOUT? Dr. Cindy Friedman, a microbiologist who specializes in studying infectious diseases.

WHAT HAPPENED? People became infected with salmonella bacteria.

WHEN DID IT HAPPEN? Dr. Friedman discovered the cause in 2001.

WHERE DID IT TAKE PLACE? The problem occurred at a Colorado zoo.

WHY DID IT HAPPEN? Dr. Friedman discovered that all the children had visited a reptile exhibit at the local zoo. After testing the animals, she found that a lizard was contaminated with the bacteria.

HOW WAS THE PROBLEM SOLVED? Dr. Friedman used the skills of scientific inquiry to solve the mystery in Colorado. QuestionedHypothesized ExperimentedOrganized AnalyzedObserved ComparedCommunicated

Brain Booster #2 Thinking Like a Scientist: Observing, Inferring, and Predicting (p.786)

Brain Booster #2 Observations: Inference: Prediction:

What is Science? Vocabulary 1)Science 2)Scientific inquiry 3)Observation 4)Data 5)Inference 6)Hypothesis 7)Variables 8)Manipulated variable 9)Responding variable 10)Controlled experiment 11)International System of Units 12)Scientific theory

BB #3 - Vocabulary Review ____1. Inference about a future event ____2. Facts gathered through observation ____3. Interpretation of an observation ____4. Using senses to gather info a. observation b. data c. prediction d. inference

Notes #1 - The Scientific Method Posing Questions - The scientific method starts when you ask a question about something you observe: 5W’s - 1H? Research - Find out as much as you can about your topic. Construct a Hypothesis - This is a proposed solution to the problem that is being investigated.

Conduct an Experiment - The experiment tests whether your hypothesis is true or false. Analyze Results - Collect and analyze information obtained during the experiment. Conclusion - An explanation of what was observed during the experiment that lead you to believe your hypothesis was right or wrong.

BB #4 - Applying the Scientific Method 1.Identify the problem (the question being investigated). 2.What was Fleming’s hypothesis? 3.How was the hypothesis tested? 4.Should the hypothesis be supported or rejected based on the experiment?

Notes #2 - Designing an Experiment -In science, controlled experiments are conducted to test hypotheses. -A controlled experiment contains two groups: the control group and the experimental group. -The experimental group contains the manipulated variable. -All other variables are identical among the two groups.

Notes #3 - Making Measurements -Scientists use the International System of Units (SI) to communicate results of experiments. -It is based on the metric system. -Basic units of measurement (SI): Length - meter (m) Volume - liter (L) Mass - gram (g) Temperature - degrees Celsius

BB#6 - Metric Conversions 1.____mm = 1 cm 2.____ cm = 1 m 3.____ mm = 1m 4.1 km = ____ m 5.____ mm = 1km 6. 1L = ____ mL 7. 1kL = ____ L 8. ____ mg = 1 g 9. 1 kg = ____ g 10. ____ mg = 1 kg

BB #7 - Extra Credit Measurement Mass: ______ g Volume: ______ mL Temperature: ______C Length: _____cm Conversion Mass: _____ mg Volume: _____cL Temperature _____F Length: ______mm