Solids, Liquids, Gases Matter is made up of tiny particles. The way these particles interact with each other helps determine the state of matter. Matter has three states: Solids Liquids Gases
Solids Have definite sizes and shapes Particles of matter are tightly packed together, vibrate in place, particles are touching Keep shape, volume stays the same
Liquids Have definite sizes but not shapes Assume the shape of the container they are in but volume stays the same Surface will always stay horizontal Particles of matter are close together with some movement, flow freely, some particles still touching
Gases Have neither a definite size nor definite shape They expand to fill the container that they are in, volume can change Particles of matter are spread out, flow randomly, particles do not touch
Changes in State To change matter’s state you must increase or decrease the energy of the particles that make up the matter. Adding heat makes the particles move faster and spread out so matter moves toward a gas state. Taking away heat makes the particles move slower and closer together so matter moves toward a solid state.
Changes in State Solid to Liquid = Melt Liquid to Gas = Evaporation Gas to Liquid = Condensation Liquid to Solid = Freeze