Transcription and Translation DNA codes for RNA which codes for Proteins (DNA → RNA → Proteins) 1. DNA → RNA=transcription a. transcription makes RNA,

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Presentation transcript:

Transcription and Translation DNA codes for RNA which codes for Proteins (DNA → RNA → Proteins) 1. DNA → RNA=transcription a. transcription makes RNA, occurs in the nucleus 2. RNA → Proteins=Translation/or Protein Synthesis Translation is when RNA leaves the nucleus and amino acids are “read”.

DNA BOTH RNA 1. Double stranded 1. nucleic 1. single stranded 2. A-T, C-G acids 2. A-U(uracil), C-G 3. Instructions for 2. nucleotides 3. recipe to make lifeproteins 4. Deoxyribose 4. Ribose

 EX. DNA strand: A-T-T-A-C-G-A-T-G-G-A  RNA strand:U-A-A-U-G-C-U-A-C-C-U 3. Types of RNA a. Messenger RNA (mRNA)-working copies of DNA; Strand that leaves nucleus b. Transfer RNA (tRNA)-“Dictionary” for translation of nucleotides to protein c. Ribosomal RNA (rRNA)-makes ribosomes; site of protein synthesis

 php?ani=326&cat=biology php?ani=326&cat=biology A. Steps of transcription: 1. RNA polymerase unzips DNA 2. RNA nucleotides join w/DNA nucleotides A pairs with U; C pairs with G 3. Sugar and phosphates come in (to form backbone) 4. mRNA leaves nucleus and goes to cytoplasm where it finds a ribosome and attaches to it

5. tRNA brings in an anticodon that matches with the codon; there is also an amino acid attached a. CODON-3 bases together 1. Code for an amino acid 2. There are 20 amino acids example: A-U-C  RNA: AAA-UAC-GAU-UGC-GGG **There are 5 codons in this RNA strand

The Messenger RNA (mRNA) protein synthesis code 1 st base2 nd Base3 rd Base UUCAG PhenylalanineSerineTyrosineCysteineU PhenylalanineSerineTyrosineCysteineC LeucineSerineStop A LeucineSerineStopTryptophanG CLeucineProlineHistidineArganineU LeucineProlineGlutamineArganineC LeucineProlineGlutamineArganineA LeucineProlineAsparagineArganineG AIsoleucineThreonineAsparagineSerineU IsoleucineThreonineLysineSerineC IsoleucineThreonineLysineArginineA Methionine; Start ThreonineAspartateArginineG GValineAlanineAspartateGlycineU ValineAlanineAspartateGlycineC ValineAlanineGlutamateGlycineA ValineAlanineGlutamateGlycineG

6. When they match up together tRNA drops off, and you now have an amino acid 7. The Amino Acids from the mRNA strand code for a protein.

Nuclear membrane Transcription Translation DNA mRNA Ribosome Protein

Transcription Translation

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