CHAPTER 13 REVIEW

What led the way to new industrial frontiers in the Second Industrial Revolution? Steel, chemicals, electricity, and petroleum

Who sent the first radio waves across the Atlantic Ocean in 1901? Guglielmo Marconi

What did the internal combustion engine give rise to? Automobiles, airplanes, and improved ocean liners

According to Karl Marx, which class of people were oppressed by the middle class? The Proletariat

Who were the revisionists? Marxists who rejected the revolutionary approach in favor of a more political approach

What famous book was written by Karl Marx and Friedrich Engles? The Communist Manifesto

What had trade unions done for the working class by 1914? They bettered their living and working conditions

Define proletariat. The working class

What class of people controlled 30 to 40 percent of the wealth in the early 1900s but made up only 5 percent of the population? The new elite

Who founded the Female Association for the Care of the Poor and the Sick in Hamburg, Germany? Amalie Sieveking

Who founded the Women’s Social and Political Union? Emmaline Pankhurst and her daughters

Define the principle of ministerial responsibility. The prime minister is responsible to the popularly elected legislative body and not to the executive officer

Define Duma The Russian legislative assembly created by Nicholas II

Identify the Triple Entente The alliance between Great Britain, France, and Russia

Identify the Triple Alliance The alliance between Germany, Austria-Hungary, and Italy

What did Albert Einstein’s special theory of relativity state? if all material things disappear out of the universe, time and space would disappear with them

Whose discovery of radium changed the world’s view of the atom? Marie Curie’s

What was applied to human society in a radical way by nationalists and racists? Social Darwinism

What did symbolists believe about the world? That it was a collection of symbols that reflected the true reality, which was the individual mind

According to Sigmund Freud how was human behavior determined? It is strongly determined by repressed experiences

Identify Vincent van Gogh He was a postimpressionist painter for whom art was a spiritual experience

Identify Pablo Picasso. He created the style of painting called cubism

Define functionalism the idea that buildings, like the products of machines, should be useful and lack unnecessary ornamentation

What percentage of the European population belonged to the working class in the early 1900s? 80%

What was one form of Marxist socialism eventually called? Communism

What did Monet, Renoir, Morisot, and van Gogh have in common? They were all impressionist or postimpressionist painters

What was the Second International? An association of socialist groups

Name three (3) things that compulsory elementary education eventually created a demand for? Teachers, female colleges, and newspapers

Russia opposed Austria-Hungary over the 1908 annexation of what country? Bosnia

Great Britain had a two party system by 1871. What were the two parties? Liberals and conservatives

Did scientific discoveries in the late 19th and early 20th centuries increase uncertainty about the universe or lead to a belief in a universe with certainty and precision? It increased uncertainty about the universe

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