The Rabies Situation in Eastern Europe National Reference Laboratory for Rabies, State Veterinary Institute, Liberec, Czech Republic Oldřich Matouch

19 countries - area 2,5 million km 2

Rabies control - legislation In all countries studied: -Rabies is given appropriate attention -Rabies is a notifiable disease -National Reference Laboratory for Rabies established -Legislation in force for human and animal rabies control and prevention -Enforcement by ministries of agriculture and health, among others

Data reporting -No information about data reporting from Croatia, Hungary, Moldova and Ukraine -15 countries report monthly, 10 of those summarize annually -All countries report electronically, 10 also on paper -Reports provided to OIE and WHO, among other agencies -Quarterly reports provided to Rabies Bulletin Europe, except Moldova

Rabies cases

Rabies cases total

Rabies cases in dogs and cats

Number of Animals Tested 2005

Number of Animals Cases 2005

Number of Animals Tested 2006

Number of Animals Cases 2006

Animal species participation on the rabies cases 2005 Dog 10% Cat 11% Other domest. 10% Fox 50% Racoon dog 14% Other wild. 5%

Animal species participation on the rabies cases 2006 Dog 10% Cat 9% Other domest. 8% Fox 50% Other wild. 5% Racoon dog 18%

Bat rabies cases

Bat rabies tested

Rabies cases

Rabies cases

Rabies cases

Rabies cases

Rabies in humans -Only 12 countries provided data concerning post exposure immunization -In those countries, 41,018 people received post exposure treatment in ,466 people were vaccinated in Cell culture rabies vaccines are used in all countries -Immunoglobulin (ERIG or HRIG) is used for category III exposure -Rabies in humans is rare -All participating countries claim adequate diagnostic capacity -All countries have public education programs -During 2005 no cases of human rabies -During 2006, the Republic of Belarus reported 2 human cases Post exposure treatment

Exposure immunization

Vaccination of domestic animals -12 countries answering the OIE questionnaire require rabies vaccination of dogs in their entire territories -Vaccination in restricted areas is required in Albania -Finland only requires vaccination of hunting dogs -10 countries have a governmental rabies vaccination programs for dogs -Vaccination of cats is obligatory in 10 countries -Rabies vaccination is voluntary for other animals such as cattle, sheep, and horses

Vaccination of domestic animals

Dog population structure Only 4 countries provided quantitative data concerning dogs 10 countries provided the number of dogs vaccinated yearly 5,160,000 in ,600,000 in 2006 Vaccination coverage varies between 75 and 95 % Precise data concerning dog population structure is not available in most countries; the proportion of registered dogs and free-roaming or stray dogs is not tracked Only the Czech Republic and Finland report nearly 100% dog registration, without any incidence of strays Serbia and Montenegro reporting populations with 3% roaming, and 14% stray dogs

Rabies control in wildlife

I can’t wait for that bait!