Chagrin Highlands Building One Beechwood, Ohio Branden J. Ellenberger - Structural Option Senior Thesis 2004

Chagrin Highlands Building One Branden Ellenberger – Structural Option Senior Thesis 2004 Background Information Background Information Existing Structure Existing Structure Problem Statement Problem Statement Proposal Proposal Structural Redesign Structural Redesign Breadth Study Breadth Study Conclusions Conclusions Thesis Presentation Outline

Chagrin Highlands Building One Branden Ellenberger – Structural Option Senior Thesis 2004 Background Information Background Information Existing Structure Existing Structure Problem Statement Problem Statement Proposal Proposal Structural Redesign Structural Redesign Breadth Study Breadth Study Conclusions Conclusions Thesis Presentation Outline

Chagrin Highlands Building One Branden Ellenberger – Structural Option Senior Thesis 2004 Owner: General Contractor: Architect: Structural Engineer: MEP Engineer: Landscape/Civil Engineer: Primary Project Team The Richard E. Jacobs Group The Whiting-Turner Company Kohn Pederson Fox Associates, PC Gilsanz-Murray-Steficek Cosentini Associates Opus Design

Chagrin Highlands Building One Branden Ellenberger – Structural Option Senior Thesis 2004 Building One is located in the Beechwood East section of the Chagrin Highlands corporate community Building Location

Chagrin Highlands Building One Branden Ellenberger – Structural Option Senior Thesis story multi-use office building 4 story multi-use office building Single level under building parking garage Single level under building parking garage $13,600,000 overall cost $13,600,000 overall cost Building foot print = ~31,500SF Building foot print = ~31,500SF Total sq. ft. = ~130,000SF Total sq. ft. = ~130,000SF Floor to floor heights: Floor to floor heights: – Parking to Ground floor – 12ft – Ground & Penthouse – 15ft – 2 nd, 3 rd, & 4 th – 13ft Building Information

Chagrin Highlands Building One Branden Ellenberger – Structural Option Senior Thesis 2004 Open plan design Open plan design Single level of underground parking Single level of underground parking Horizontal glass curtain wall defines the contemporary style Horizontal glass curtain wall defines the contemporary style 2 story entry lobby atrium 2 story entry lobby atrium Monolithic stone panels help draw attention to the entrance Monolithic stone panels help draw attention to the entrance Architectural Details

Chagrin Highlands Building One Branden Ellenberger – Structural Option Senior Thesis 2004 Background Information Background Information Existing Structure Existing Structure Problem Statement Problem Statement Proposal Proposal Structural Redesign Structural Redesign Breadth Study Breadth Study Conclusions Conclusions Thesis Presentation Outline

Chagrin Highlands Building One Branden Ellenberger – Structural Option Senior Thesis 2004 Substructure 4000 psi concrete 5” slab-on-grade Existing Structure Exterior columns sit on spread footings 10” reinforced foundation walls Core columns sit on deeper tied footings

Chagrin Highlands Building One Branden Ellenberger – Structural Option Senior Thesis 2004 Substructure (con’t) Structural Background 40 perimeter spread footings The core of the building is supported by 3 sets of tied spread footings. from 6 ½’x6 ½’x20”deep… to 11’x11’x28”deep

Chagrin Highlands Building One Branden Ellenberger – Structural Option Senior Thesis 2004 Superstructure Composite beams 3”composite decking 4000psi concrete deck Steel columns Structural Background Typical 40’x40’ Bay

Chagrin Highlands Building One Branden Ellenberger – Structural Option Senior Thesis 2004 Structural Background East/West Lateral System 5 identical laterally braced frames located at column lines 5,6,7,9,&10 5 identical laterally braced frames located at column lines 5,6,7,9,&10 North/South Lateral System 2 identical laterally braced frames located along column lines B & C 2 identical laterally braced frames located along column lines B & C Design controlled by Wind in E-W direction Design controlled by Seismic in N-S direction

Chagrin Highlands Building One Branden Ellenberger – Structural Option Senior Thesis 2004 Lateral Bracing Locations Structural Background

Chagrin Highlands Building One Branden Ellenberger – Structural Option Senior Thesis 2004 Background Information Background Information Existing Structure Existing Structure Problem Statement Problem Statement Proposal Proposal Structural Redesign Structural Redesign Breadth Study Breadth Study Conclusions Conclusions Thesis Presentation Outline

Chagrin Highlands Building One Branden Ellenberger – Structural Option Senior Thesis 2004 Change existing steel structure to concrete Change existing steel structure to concrete Stay consistent with open plan design Stay consistent with open plan design Monitor constructability Monitor constructability Problem Statement

Chagrin Highlands Building One Branden Ellenberger – Structural Option Senior Thesis 2004 Background Information Background Information Existing Structure Existing Structure Problem Statement Problem Statement Proposal Proposal Structural Redesign Structural Redesign Breadth Study Breadth Study Conclusions Conclusions Thesis Presentation Outline

Chagrin Highlands Building One Branden Ellenberger – Structural Option Senior Thesis 2004 Cast-in-place concrete structure Cast-in-place concrete structure Proposal Gravity Loading -Post-tensioned t-beams -Post-tensioned girders -Edge Beams -Concrete columns Lateral Loading -Concrete Shear walls

Chagrin Highlands Building One Branden Ellenberger – Structural Option Senior Thesis 2004 Background Information Background Information Existing Structure Existing Structure Problem Statement Problem Statement Proposal Proposal Structural Redesign Structural Redesign Breadth Study Breadth Study Conclusions Conclusions Thesis Presentation Outline

Chagrin Highlands Building One Branden Ellenberger – Structural Option Senior Thesis 2004 Post-tensioning Design Criteria **Design based on ACI allowable stress criteria Concrete Normal weight – 150 pcf Strength – 5000 psi Modulus of Elasticity – ksi Creep factor for deflections for beams/slabs – 2.0 Tensioning Strands Unbonded or greased strands Ultimate strength – 270 ksi ½” strands – in^2 Mild Steel Yield strength – 60 ksi Structural Redesign

Chagrin Highlands Building One Design Span Conditions Width of member Deepest member Tributary width Slab thickness# of strands Tendon force 40’-22’-40’ w/columns4 ½’20”20ft5”26702 kips 40’-22’-40’ w/girders4 ½’20”20ft5”24648 kips 41.5’-22’-40’ w/columns4 ½’20”20ft5”29783 kips 41.5’-22’-40’ w/girders4 ½’20”20ft5”26702 kips 40’-22’-40’ w/columns5’20”25ft6” kips Single 41 ½’ span4 ½’20”20ft5”20540 kips Branden Ellenberger – Structural Option Senior Thesis 2004 Post-tensioned T-Beam Design Structural Redesign

Chagrin Highlands Building One Branden Ellenberger – Structural Option Senior Thesis 2004 Post-tensioned T-Beam Design Structural Redesign

Chagrin Highlands Building One Design Span Conditions Width of member Deepest member Tributary width Slab thickness # of strands Tendon force 40’-22’-40’ w/columns4 ½’20”20ft5”26702 kips 40’-22’-40’ w/girders4 ½’20”20ft5”24648 kips 41.5’-22’-40’ w/columns4 ½’20”20ft5”29783 kips 41.5’-22’-40’ w/girders4 ½’20”20ft5”26702 kips 40’-22’-40’ w/columns5’20”25ft6” kips Single 41 ½’ span4 ½’20”20ft5”20540 kips Branden Ellenberger – Structural Option Senior Thesis 2004 Post-tensioned T-Beam Design Structural Redesign

Chagrin Highlands Building One Branden Ellenberger – Structural Option Senior Thesis 2004 Post-tensioned T-Beam Design Structural Redesign

Chagrin Highlands Building One Branden Ellenberger – Structural Option Senior Thesis 2004 Typical Tensioning Strand Drape Structural Redesign

Chagrin Highlands Building One Branden Ellenberger – Structural Option Senior Thesis 2004 Post-tensioned Girder Design Structural Redesign

Chagrin Highlands Building One Design Span CasesWidthDepthTributary width# of strandsStrand Force 15’-45’-40’18”20” 7189 kips 20’-45’-40’18”20” 7189 kips Branden Ellenberger – Structural Option Senior Thesis 2004 Post-tensioned Girder Design Design for worst 3 span conditions Same depth as beam design for constructability Use ADAPT to take into account moment transfer Structural Redesign

Chagrin Highlands Building One Branden Ellenberger – Structural Option Senior Thesis 2004 Edge Beam Design 30ft beam span 20’ tributary width 6” slab 303ft-kip moment Reinforcement Structural Redesign Design Case Beam Sizes (wide x deep) Shear Reinforcing Top Reinforcing Bottom Reinforcing 24” x 20” #5 10.5” 5-#7 bars 5-#5 bars 30” x 20” #6 9” 6-#6 bars 5-#5 bars 40ft beam span 10’ tributary width 5” slab 276 ft-kip moment 30 ft edge beam 40 ft edge beam

Chagrin Highlands Building One Branden Ellenberger – Structural Option Senior Thesis 2004 Column Design Structural Redesign Exterior Column Interior Column

Chagrin Highlands Building One Branden Ellenberger – Structural Option Senior Thesis 2004 Shear Wall Design & Lateral Analysis Structural Redesign

Chagrin Highlands Building One Shear WallThicknessDesigned LengthActual Length Resist E-W direction10”15’-0”22’-0” Resist N-S direction8”46’-6”60’-0” Branden Ellenberger – Structural Option Senior Thesis 2004 Lateral Analysis Structural Redesign Seismic forces control the deflection in the N-S direction Wind controls in the deflection in the E-W direction.

Chagrin Highlands Building One Branden Ellenberger – Structural Option Senior Thesis 2004 Redesigned Structure Structural Redesign Plan View

Chagrin Highlands Building One Branden Ellenberger – Structural Option Senior Thesis 2004 Background Information Background Information Existing Structure Existing Structure Problem Statement Problem Statement Proposal Proposal Structural Redesign Structural Redesign Breadth Study Breadth Study Conclusions Conclusions Thesis Presentation Outline

Chagrin Highlands Building One Branden Ellenberger – Structural Option Senior Thesis 2004 Office plan lighting and ceiling was specified to the tenants Lighting Design Design Assumptions: 40’ x 40’ Bay If partitions, they had to be between columns Lighting designed for no daylight

Chagrin Highlands Building One Branden Ellenberger – Structural Option Senior Thesis 2004 Lighting Design Desired illuminance of 50 foot candles (fc) 2’x4’ Parabolic, 3-lamp fixtures with 3” louvers ( 10’x10’ lighting grid Total Fixtures: Per 40’x40’ Bay – 16 Per typical Floor – 232 Modeled in Lighting Designer to yield 69.1 fc

Chagrin Highlands Building One Branden Ellenberger – Structural Option Senior Thesis 2004 Existing Structure Cost Based on: W-shape steel beams, girders, and columns Lateral bracing TS members Base plates Shear studs Steel decking Concrete deck WWF Construction Management Final Cost - $1,900,000

Chagrin Highlands Building One Branden Ellenberger – Structural Option Senior Thesis 2004 Redesigned Structure Cost Based on: Structural concrete Pre-stressing steel strand weight Mild steel reinforcing weight Concrete forms Shoring Placing concrete Construction Management Redesign Cost - $ 1,480,000

Chagrin Highlands Building One Branden Ellenberger – Structural Option Senior Thesis 2004 Construction Management Structural Cost Comparison Existing:$1,900,000 Redesign:$1,480,000 $ 390,000 saved in redesign

Chagrin Highlands Building One Branden Ellenberger – Structural Option Senior Thesis 2004 Background Information Background Information Existing Structure Existing Structure Problem Statement Problem Statement Proposal Proposal Structural Redesign Structural Redesign Breadth Study Breadth Study Conclusions Conclusions Thesis Presentation Outline

Chagrin Highlands Building One Branden Ellenberger – Structural Option Senior Thesis 2004 Summary Structure Gravity and Lateral system 20” max floor depth Lighting Direct louvered lighting Construction Management Cost savings of $390,000 Conclusions

Chagrin Highlands Building One Branden Ellenberger – Structural Option Senior Thesis 2004 Post-tensioning design & composite steel framing are used hand in hand with in this span condition to limit the structural depth Given further construction information I would be able to investigate scheduling more closely to find which system would be better. Recommendation

Chagrin Highlands Building One Branden Ellenberger – Structural Option Senior Thesis 2004 Acknowledgements AE Faculty Professor Parfitt Dr. Hanagan Dr. Boothby Jonathan Dougherty Special Thanks Gilsanz Murray Steficek Adapt Corporation Dr. Andrea Schokker Brian Siverling My AE Friends My Thesis Sponsors

Chagrin Highlands Building One Branden Ellenberger – Structural Option Senior Thesis 2004 Any Questions?... The End!