Urinary system
Compounds and functions Embryogenesis Kidney Nephrons types Blood supplying Glomerular filter Nephrons histophysiology Endocrine system of kidney Urine transport system
Kidneys function –. urine production. endocrine Ureters – Kidneys function – urine production endocrine Ureters – voiding of urine Urinary bladder – urine deposition Urethra – voiding of urine
Embryogenesis of urinary system Source – intermediate mesoderm (nephrogonotom) Stages – pronephroi mesonephroi metanephroi
Kidney
MFU – nephron renal corpuscle+tubular system Types: 1 MFU – nephron renal corpuscle+tubular system Types: 1. cortical – short and long 2. juxtamedullary
Blood supply 25% of cardiac output Two capillary systems (glomerular and peritubular) High blood pressure in glomerulus
Vascularization of nephrones
Vascularization of nephrones
Renal cortex
Renal corpuscle
Between circulating blood and urinary space Glomerular filter Between circulating blood and urinary space Podocyte Basement membrane unusialy thick physical and electrical barrier Endothelium fenestrated
Glomerular filter
Renal corpuscle ultrastructure
Proximal convoluted tube
Proximal convoluted tube
Distant convoluted tube
Distant convoluted tube
Urine production Stage Place Mechanism Filtration High blood pressure Renal corpuscle High blood pressure reabsorption Tubules Active – by cells Passive – onkotic pressure Secretion Collecting tube H+
Urine production
Endocrine system of kidneys Renin-angiotensin Prostaglandins Callicrein-kinins Erythropoietin Juxtaglomerular apparatus Juxtaglomerular cells – afferent arteriol – renin secretion Juxtavascular cells (Hurmating’s cells) – with process – triogonal place Macula densa area – distant canal – Na receptor Mesangial cells - renin and erythropoetin secretion
Macula densa
Urine transport system Renal pelvis Ureters Urinary bladder Urethra Tunics I Mucosa: epithelium (urothelium) lamina propria muscularis mucosa II Submucosa III Muscular IV Adventitia
ureter
ureter
Urinary blader