Objective: Identify the key inventions of the Industrial Revolution Evaluate the effects/impacts of the industrial revolution Warm-Up: #1: What do you believe is the most important technological innovation in recent years? #2: What does it mean when we say a country is “developed”?

New Technology During the Industrial Revolution

#1 Spinning jenny (TEXTILE INDUSTRY) Invented in 1764 by James Hargreaves In Great Britain Hand-powered Improved upon the spinning wheel Facilitated the handling of large quantities of harvested cotton Thread being produced faster than weavers could use it

#2 Steam engine Invented in 1769 by James Watt Improved upon an earlier, primitive steam engine In Great Britain Steam power could now be used to: Spin and weave cotton (TEXTILE INDUSTRY) Increase need for coal (COAL INDUSTRY) Travel & transport goods Gave Britain a HUGE advantage over others

James Watt’s Steam Engine

#3 Cotton gin Invented in 1793 by Eli Whitney In the United States Who picked and cleaned cotton in the US? Slave labor Now, more cotton is picked by the gin so… Demand for slave labor INCREASED To keep up with cotton production

#4 Process for making steel Developed in 1855 by Henry Bessemer In Great Britain Made steel production much less expensive Steel is far superior to other materials Greatly impacted the growth of industrialization

Henry Bessemer’s Process for Making Steel

#5 Discovery of bacteria Proposed in the 1860s by Louis Pasteur In France “Germ Theory of Disease” Claimed that bacteria in the air can infect food and people Led to more medical research, discoveries, and greater knowledge about germs and bacteria

Pasteur’s Process for Proving Germ Theory

#6 Smallpox vaccination Developed in 1796 by Edward Jenner In Great Britain Smallpox was a widespread disease that killed many babies and children Paved the way for more discoveries about germs and medicine