A timeline from 1863 to 1877

1863 -Lincoln’s 10% Plan is proposed as the war nears an end. -Radical Republicans challenge Lincoln’s plan as not going far enough in achieving freedom for the African Americans -Lincoln’s 10% Plan is proposed as the war nears an end. -Radical Republicans challenge Lincoln’s plan as not going far enough in achieving freedom for the African Americans

1864 -law passed saying Congress is in control of reconstruction, not the President. -Lincoln “pocket vetoes” this -law passed saying Congress is in control of reconstruction, not the President. -Lincoln “pocket vetoes” this

Sherman’s “40 Acres and a Mule” -Johnson offers his Recon plan (not that much different than Lincoln’s)…Readmit on ratification of 13 th Am. -RR don’t like it b/c there is nothing about slaves in the plan -13 th Amend is ratified - Sherman’s “40 Acres and a Mule” -Johnson offers his Recon plan (not that much different than Lincoln’s)…Readmit on ratification of 13 th Am. -RR don’t like it b/c there is nothing about slaves in the plan -13 th Amend is ratified

1866 -Freedman’s Bureau is expanded by RR’s and elimination of Black Codes is passed… Johnson Vetoes them…Congress overrides them. - Ku Klux Klan is formed as response to decline in the economic realities for white southerners -Freedman’s Bureau is expanded by RR’s and elimination of Black Codes is passed… Johnson Vetoes them…Congress overrides them. - Ku Klux Klan is formed as response to decline in the economic realities for white southerners

1867 -Congress passes law that does not recognize the new southern state governments and creates military districts that will control them and ensure Reconstruction legislation is carried out. -Johnson vetoes this and Congress overrode it. -Congress passes law that does not recognize the new southern state governments and creates military districts that will control them and ensure Reconstruction legislation is carried out. -Johnson vetoes this and Congress overrode it.

1868 -Congress impeaches Johnson, but he is found “not guilty” by one vote in the Senate -14 th Amendment is ratified (citizenship and limits on former Confederate states) -Congress impeaches Johnson, but he is found “not guilty” by one vote in the Senate -14 th Amendment is ratified (citizenship and limits on former Confederate states)

th Amend. Passes (says you cannot restrict voting on the basis of …) -Hiram Revels is elected as first black Senator -Pres. Grant refuses to curtail Klan violence -15 th Amend. Passes (says you cannot restrict voting on the basis of …) -Hiram Revels is elected as first black Senator -Pres. Grant refuses to curtail Klan violence

1876 -US v. Cruikshank… Feds can’t punish White discrimination against black people -US v. Reese… 15 th Am. only prevents voter discrimination -Election of Hayes v. Tilden -Compromise of 1877…pulls troops out of the South. -US v. Cruikshank… Feds can’t punish White discrimination against black people -US v. Reese… 15 th Am. only prevents voter discrimination -Election of Hayes v. Tilden -Compromise of 1877…pulls troops out of the South.

1877 -Troops are pulled out -Reconstruction is officially over -Home Rule is restored to the south -Troops are pulled out -Reconstruction is officially over -Home Rule is restored to the south

 …Presidential v. Congressional Reconstruction  …Radical Republicans gain momentum and enact legislation over Johnson’s vetoes  …Southern Democrats push for control and get support from Courts and lack of enforcement from the President.

 Radical Republicans were upset that Johnson was not carrying out the laws of Congress regarding Reconstruction  From March to May 1868 the trial happened in the Senate  On the final day the vote was taken and the last vote of “Not Guilty” brought the tally 35-19… one vote short of the 2/3 majority needed to convict him and throw him out of office

 13 th … Ends Slavery except in the case of punishment for a crime  14 th … gives citizenship to former slaves; states that prevent male citizens from voting lose Congressional seats; most Confederate leaders couldn’t hold office  15 th … no one can be kept from voting based on “race, color, or previous condition of servitude”