The meson landscape Scalars and Glue in Strong QCD New states beyond Weird baryons: pentaquark problems “Diquarks,Tetraquarks, Pentaquarks and no quarks” 1 Diquarks, Tetraquarks, Pentaquarks and no quarks “Exotics: what needs to be measured”

Belle e+e- to + X ???

Claim of Hybrid Charmonium by BELLE Is this the same as X(3940)? Is it hybrid charmonium as claimed? ….probably not, but this might be…….

e+e- \to psi pi pi BaBar sees new vector cc* Y(4260)

Maiani talk

Y(4260) = Non resonant S-wave threshold Y(4260) Three Possibilities Experimental distinctions….later this talk

Especially, but not exclusively, the role of charmonium in achieving these aims Strong QCD: What theory expects Can experiment rule it out? What present and future experiments can test for… Glueballs; hybrids; diquarks; tetraquarks; pentaquarks

2S: 1- 1S: 1- 1D:  cc*) Narrow below MM threshold

2S: 1- 1S: 1- 1D:  cc*) Lattice QCD: Linear: Flux tube…..implies…

Gluonic hybrid mesons c.m. e.g. p=1 Exciting the flux tube Lattice and model agree spectrum; decays in FT not yet lattice

Glueballs spectrum from Lattice Far away from qq* lowest multiplets… except for 0++ Hybrids later: First – what can be said about glueballs?

2S: 1- 1S: 1- 1D: / I=1 vector : I=0 nn*; ss* / / Problem of nn* ss* flavour mixing Clean below S-wave MM thresholds And no prominent G expected

Glueballs also predicted: Strong QCD spectrum from Lattice Far away from qq* lowest multiplets… except for 0++ Only scalar glueball below 2 GeV

2S: 1- 1S: 1- 1D: / I=1 vector : I=0 nn*; ss* / / /1500/ Problem of nn* ss* flavour mixing

2S: 1- 1S: 1- 1D: I=1 vector : I=0 J P = / / /1500/ /600

2S: 1- 1S: 1- 1D: I=1 vector : I=0 J P = / / /1500/ /600 ? qq* + Glueball Lattice G =1.6 \pm

2S: 1- 1S: 1- 1D: I=1 vector : I=0 J P = / / /1500/ /600 [qq][q*q*]

2S: 1- 1S: 1- 1D: I=1 vector : I=0 J P = / / /1500/ /600 ? qq* + Glueball Lattice G =1.6 \pm Data do not imply G But given lattice and qq* Does consistent pic emerge? Can data eliminate it; or even make it robust?

Tensor and axial qq* ss* 1525 nn* 1270 G 2 – 4 GeV

Scalar Glueball and Mixing s n G

Meson s n G

Scalar Glueball and Mixing Meson G ss* nn* s n G LEAR/WA102 Meson pair decays

Meson G ss* nn* s n meson decays LEAR/ WA102 FC Kirk Scalar Glueball and Mixing a simple example for expt to rule out Nontrivial correlation with relative masses heavy l light middle

Scalar Glueball and Mixing: how to measure flavour state Meson G ss* nn* s n

Scalar Glueball and Mixing Meson G ss* nn* s n

Coming soon from BES and CLEO-c A flavour filter for mesons and glueballs >1 billion1000 per meson Challenge: Turn Lattice QCD Glueball spectrum into physics

OZI rule and flavor tagging in J/  hadronic decays Known ss*/nn* measure ss*/nn* Example of “known” ss*/nn* = 1– or 2+ “ideal” flavour states

OZI rule and flavor tagging in J/  hadronic decays In J/  hadronic decays, an  or Φ signal determines the or component, respectively.  OZI rule

OZI rule and flavor tagging in J/  hadronic decays 2++:(1270) 2++:(1520) Works nicely for 2++ where BOTH are ideal

OZI rule and flavor tagging in J/  hadronic decays Fails completely for 0^{++} !!!

Leading diagram if 0+ meson contains qq* only

Extra diagram if 0++ has glueball in its wavefunction

Unusual properties of f 0 (1370), f 0 (1500) f 0 (1710) Scalar Puzzle \psi \to 0^{++} V A consistent pattern in these two experiments can establish role of Scalar Glueball Challenge: quantify the predictions

Glueballs and central production Gqq* Reality: qq* (also) produced How to separate G and qq*? FC Kirk Schuler 97-00

Central Production pp \to pMp 0+ and 2+ qq* G ?

States outside the quark model: tetraquarks

2S: 1- 1S: 1- 1D: I=1 vector : I=0 J P = / / /1500/ /600 ? qq* + Glueball [qq][q*q*]

How can we tell if its this Or this? + -

Jaffe model of light scalar mesons Strong QCD attraction of 3* c 3* f qq into 0 + diquark e.g. Maiani et al heavy and light flavours

Inverted flavour multiplets 1020 ss* 890 su* sd* 780 uu*+dd* 770 uu*- dd* 980 (uu*+dd*)ss* 980 (uu*- dd*)ss* 800 (su*)uu* (sd*)dd* 500 uu*dd* 1-0+ e.g.Tetraquarks v Hybrids: One swallow don’t make a summer. Need the whole flock/multiplet.

New states outside the quark model: D_s(cs*) states that might be DK or tetraquarks Leave discussion to Maiani talk

New states outside the quark model: cc* X(3872) anomalous charmonium

An extra narrow charmonium state Seen in B \to K X(3872)

X(3872) mass compared with DD* thresholds DD* molecule “tetraquark” Mass = neutral threshold to better than 1 in 10,000 cuc*u* S-wave J PC = 1 ++ isospin maximally broken

Close+Page Tornqvist Swanson

cc* ; 1++* 3950: DD* (neutral) threshold Psi rho; psi omega S-wave 1++ mesons P-wave cc* D D* psi uu* vector D D* D pi Energy degeneracy will drive this >> model details. Psi rho:psi omega \sim 1 Deviations = dynamics Specific model: Swanson Decays driven by meson-meson wavefunction Production by cc* residue: like psiprime 18 Mass coincidence only happens with Charm, not strange or bottom

Molecule or radial 1++ cc*? Suzuki: cc* with cc*uu* admixture ( also FC+ Page ) Further tests: Production in B+ bigger than Bo Test: X \to K+K-\pi>> K0K0\pi CLEOc/BES precision test for also

New states outside the quark model: Hybrid Mesons

Gluonic hybrid mesons c.m. e.g. p=1 Exciting the flux tube

flux-tube degrees-of-freedom c.m. e.g. p=1 are new degrees-of-freedom, not present in the quark model. Isgur showed that they have measurable effects on conventional states Close Dudek: E1 excitation of hybrids = r^2 meson: Cabibbo Radicatti (Lattice only now beginning to look at this) Costs about 1 to 1.5GeV energy to excite phonon “pi/R” Hybrid 2GeV; Hybrid 4-4.5GeV

1-+ signals: resonant? (Pennington); hybrid or molecule? (Klempt) E1 photoproduction of hybrids gamma p to n H^+ \sim 50% relative to conventional mesons (Isgur; FC Dudek) 2+- also expected. Diffractive Photoproduction!! Should exceed 1-+ strength

flux-tube breaking and decays c.m. e.g. p=1 Break tube: S+P states yes; S+S suppressed S+S = 0 for hybrid charmonium (FC + Page) Look for DD_{0,1}; a bit of DD* and absence of DD or D*D* and of DsDs or Ds*Ds* \psi f_0; \psi pipi; \chi \eta; h_c \eta also

More new anomalous charmonium states: cc* 2++(3930) X(3940) Y(4260)

Belle e+e- to + X ???

Belle Inconsistent strengths? big ? radial ?? thresholds and1+ ?

Belle Y(3940) claimed “hybrid charmonium” ….but seems also to be in DD* (need to measure b.r)….

Is this the same as X(3940)? Is it hybrid charmonium as claimed? ….probably not, but this might be…….

e+e- \to psi pi pi BaBar sees new vector cc* Y(4260)

But small relative to psiprime \Gamma(e+e-) 5 to 80 eV

e+e- \to psi pi pi BaBar sees new vector cc* But width 90MeV dominantly psi pipi !

f0(980)?

All consistent with predictions for hybrid charmonium FC+Page 1995

This is a clear distinction with hybrid for which this is ~ zero

Is it really a resonance? D D_1 uu * pi pi psi e+e- DD_1 is first S-wave charm threshold and occurs \sim 4.2 GeV ! S-wave, relative mom \sim 0; DD_1 interchange constituents to make psi pipi “strongly” (c.f. Swanson model of 3872 DD* \to psi omega) e+e- Ds Ds_1 psi KK should show similar

e+e- KK_1 phipi Future need to do: Compare this with the DD_1 / psi pipi case: M(pipi); phi (psi) polarisation

Psi polarisation test in X(4260) \to psi pipi D D_1 (pipi)_S wave psi Hybrid cc* has spin(cc*)=0 (!) Swanson exchange model psi polarised transverse FC Swanson If spin cc* = 1 (conventional) psi polarisation different but model dependence to be understood In any event, poln measure should be done and compared with phi in the KK_1 region

New states outside the quark model: Pentaquark baryons

Exotic Pentaquarks Exotic Mesons general problem with clustered quark models, for example triquark - diquark: Kochelev, Lee & Vento S=+2 meson = suppresses decay width narrow, strangeness +2 meson near 1600 MeV apply same logic to

1-+ and and 10* multiplets 1-- members in 1.2 to 1.6 Gev region rho( 1250?? 1450;….1700….) omega/phi(1420;1650;1680…..) Nonet has one I=1 (rho) and two I=0 (omega,phi) 10/10* has two I=1 and one I=0 How many vector mesons are there in the 1-2GeV range And what is the I=0:1 ratio? Check in e+e- with ISR, photoprod at Jlab …..

Arndt Buccella Carlson Dyakanov Ellis Faber Giannini Huang Inoue Jaffe Karliner Lipkin Maltman Nussinov Oh Polyakov Qiang Rosner Stech Trilling U Veneziano Wilczek Xiang Yang Zhu If Theta doesn’t exist, then these (and many other theorists) should be congratulated on their creativity

SELEX weird state Artefact (IMHO) Can discuss later if wish

A conjecture: T.Barnes, F.E.Close, H.J.Lipkin, hep-ph/ , PRD. Reminiscent of Weinstein and Isgur’s KKbar molecules, bound by level repulsion of the KKbar continuum against higher mass qqbar 0+ scalars at ca. 1.3 GeV.

f 0 (1370) at BES f 0 (1370) (uu*+dd*) clearly seen in J/   , but not seen in J/   . BES II Preliminary PWA 0 ++ components f 0 (1370) NO f 0 (1370)

Scalar Glueball and Mixing Meson G ss* nn* s n G 3 state mixing Relative phases

2S: 1- 1S: 1- 1D:  cc*) S: S: 0- Either no G with these JPC in this region or don’t couple strongly to G

2S: 1- 1S: 1- 1D:  cc*) S: S: 0- Possible 0-+ Glueball \sim 3.6 GeV Impact on eta_c’ ?? Compare in B decay, gamma gamma; ee \to psi + eta_c’

New states outside the quark model: D_s(cs*) states

DK

D*K

Whatever makes scalar f_0(980) light (= just below KK) (compared to qq* p-wave) Probably makes scalar 2317 light (= just below DK) (compared to qq* p-wave) …and 2460 axial light (just below D*K) S-wave meson-meson beats P-wave qq* (continued) 27 Expt: Are there other cs* as well? (thy. confused) Production of two 1+ in B decays via W current Radiative transitions….