Geography Geography is the study of the Earth, its physical features, and the people and creatures who live on it.

 Tools geographer’s use to study features on earth.  Location  Place  Movement  Region  Human Environmental Interaction

 Describes where places are at on earth.  Types of Location:  ABSOLUTE: exact location on earth (fixed) Doesn’t change Latitude/Longitude Hemispheres Grid System Address  RELATIVE: compared to other places (variable) Changes dependent upon where you’re comparing it to. Miles Distance Direction

 Examples:  Rome is located at 41 N, 12 E  Argentina is located in the southern hemisphere.  Zion’s National Park is located in Utah.

Latitude, Longitude, and Absolute Location Latitude -Runs East and West across the earth

Equator Latitude has the Equator- a line that goes East and West at O degrees. Across the middle of the earth

Longitude -Runs North and South across the earth

Prime Meridian Longitude has the Prime Meridian- a line that goes North and South at O degrees.

The area East of the Prime Meridian is the Eastern Hemisphere. The area West of the Prime Meridian is the Western Hemisphere

Hemispheres The Equator and the Prime Meridian divide the earth into hemispheres. The area north of the Equator is the Northern Hemisphere. The area south of the Equator is the Southern Hemisphere.

 Descriptions of where this far and how far they are to where you start.  McDonalds is down the street five miles.  Wyoming is to the west.

 Examples:  Rome is located near the Mediterranean Sea.  Argentina is near Brazil.  Ecuador is south of Mexico.  Draper is 10 miles from Salt Lake City.  To get to Walmart, you go north for two miles and turn left.

Place Place is made up of the Physical Environment or the surroundings and conditions in which something exists It’s so famous, you just know what it is.

Place A place is defined by its unique characteristics. –Physical characteristics –Human characteristics

 Specific to THAT place, not generic.  The way a place physically looks—famously.  Created by nature.  Mountains  Rivers, Lakes, Seas  Climate  Vegetation  Examples:  The Himalayas are in Central Asia.  Amazon River flows through Brazil.  The Rocky Mountains  The Grand Canyon

 Specific to THAT place, not generic.  Peoples activities change the way a place looks or is represented.  Man-made or invented.  Language  Unique buildings  Religious Practices  Celebrations/traditions/holidays  Examples:  The Pyramids at Giza, Egypt  Mayan ruins are located in Mexico.  French is the language France.

Movement 3 categories of movement. –Goods/Stuff (clothing, shoes, furniture, etc.) –This movement occurs through trains, airplanes, ships, trucks, cars, etc. –Movement of Ideas– pictures, articles, video, etc –This movement occurs through the internet or social media, etc. –Movement of people - Immigration

Region The world is divided into different regions based upon similarities & differences. –Climate –Location –Beliefs –Languages –Ethnicity/Race Types: –Man-made –Natural –Cultural

 Most common/familiar.  Determined by the distribution of a uniform characteristic (cultural)  Location  Climate  Religion  Examples  Central America (Mexico, Guatemala, Nicaragua, Panama)  Latin America (Spanish-speaking nations)  Tropics (countries located near equator)

 Mountain ranges  Continents  Deserts  Climate

Cities, States, Countries

 Examples of Regions with a specific purpose:  Panama Canal  Brighton  Hollywood  Silicon Valley

 The environment & people are interconnected. It is how we react to the environment and we affect the environment.

Just as you affect the environment, the environment affects where you live, what you do, where you go, and what you see.