Politics and Government

Warren G. Harding ● Elected as 29th president in 1920 (first election after 19th amendment) ● Reduced taxes, but raised tariffs ● Emergency Quota Act of 1921 limited immigration ● The Budget and Accounting Act of 1921 centralized the control of the federal budget ● Disarmament conference required countries to downsize navies and stop building battleships ● Became the first president to visit Alaska in 1923 ● Died from a heart attack in San Francisco in 1923

Harding Scandals ● Many cabinet members were corrupt and sought personal gain ● Head of the Veterans Bureau stole $200 million from the government ● Teapot Dome Scandal: Secretary of the Interior leased land in Wyoming to gain money through bribes ● Rumors suggested Harding violated the 18th amendment and had extramarital affairs ● Bonus Bill would compensate veterans for wages lost during the war, Harding vetoed because of high costs

Calvin Coolidge ● Became 30th president after Harding’s death, won election of 1924 ● Continued intervention in Central American affairs ● Passed the Dawes Plan of 1924, which organized a way for Britain and France to repay war debts ● Vetoed 2 farm relief bills ● First president to make a radio address to the country ● Adjusted Compensation Act rejected by Coolidge, but Congress overruled, gave veterans paid insurance policy

Herbert Hoover ● Elected 31st president in 1928 ● Agricultural Marketing Act set up Federal Farm Board to help farmers ● Hawley-Smoot Tariff raised rate to 60% to help farmers ● October 1829, overproduction and low wages led to the stock market crash ● Spent money on public works to “trickle down” financial health ● Removed troops from Central America ● Kept country out of Asian conflicts

19th Amendment ● The 19th amendment was essentially womens suffrage which granted women the right to vote. ● With women being allowed to vote legislators were afraid that women would create a bloc. ● So they passed Acts such as the Sheppard- Towner Act to try to appease women

Mass Culture

Harlem Renaissance/Jazz ● A movement involving african american literature, music, and thoughts. ● This served as an establishing factor in black culture. ● It’s important to note that Jazz was not a component.

Lost Generation ● This was a term that refers to the generation that were becoming adults during or shortly after World War 1. ● This was specifically applicable to literature. ● This term was made popular by Ernest Hemingway who attributes it to his mentor Gertrude Stein.

Langston Hughes ● Focused on the struggles of lower class citizens and the emerging black culture in the 1920s. ● While attending Columbia he became heavily involved in the Harlem Renaissance. ● His poems cover topics of Racism, Music, Dignity and many other social issues.

Bibliography "Budget and Accounting Act." United States History. U-s-history.com. Web. 2 Apr Dean, John. "President Vetos Bonus Bill Benefiting Soldiers." The History Reader. 29 Apr Web. 2 Apr Freidel, Frank, and Hugh Sidey. "Calvin Coolidge." The White House. The White House, 1 Jan Web. 3 Apr Freidel, Frank, and Hugh Sidey. "Warren G. Harding." The White House. The White House, 1 Jan Web. 2 Apr "Harlem Renaissance." History.com. A&E Television Networks, n.d. Web. 06 Apr. 201 "Langston Hughes." Bio.com. A&E Networks Television, n.d. Web. 06 Apr "Langston Hughes Poems - Poems of Langston Hughes - Poem Hunter." Poemhunter.com. 17 Mar Web. 4 Apr "Warren G. Harding." Bio. A&E Television Networks, Web. 02 Apr "Warren G. Harding." History.com. A&E Television Networks, 1 Jan Web. 2 Apr