The Colonies Grow
Navigation Acts ► England views colonies as economic resource ► Mercantilism: Colonial raw materials used to make goods sold back to colonists Mercantilism Trade grows = $ = Power ► Navigation Acts Series of Laws ( ) Colonists could only use English ships Limited trade of certain goods ► England views colonies as economic resource ► Mercantilism: Colonial raw materials used to make goods sold back to colonists Mercantilism Trade grows = $ = Power ► Navigation Acts Series of Laws ( ) Colonists could only use English ships Limited trade of certain goods
Smuggling ► Illegal trading with other nations.
Colonial Governments
Charter Colonies ► Rhode Island and Connecticut ► Established by settlers given a charter ► Elected own governors and members of legislature Britain had approval rights
Proprietary Colonies ► Delaware, Maryland, Pennsylvania ► Proprietors: People to whom Britain granted land. Free to rule as wished Appointed governor Colonists elected lower house representatives
Royal Colonies ► Georgia, Massachusetts, NH, NJ, NY, Carolinas, and Virginia ► Directly ruled by Britain King appointed governor and council (upper house) Colonists elected lower house representatives ► Constant Conflict between colonists and gov’t
Voting Rights ► Only white, male, landowners ► Strong participation
The Great Awakening ► 1720s-1740s ► Religious revival ► Lead by Preacher Jonathan Edwards and George Whitefield Traveled through colonies bringing word of God to common people (slaves, farmers, etc) Called for returning to strong faith of earlier days
Men ► Formal heads of households ► Helped care for children ► Worked in fields ► Built farms, houses, fences ► Represented family at community affairs
Women ► Cooked ► Made butter, cheese, and preserved food ► Made clothes ► Tended to chicken and cows ► Many worked alongside husbands in fields ► Could attend church Not allowed to speak, vote, or serve as clergy ► Jobs: maids, cooks, nurses, teachers
Children ► Sons worked as indentured servants or apprentices ► Taught to read and write at home by parents To read the bible ► Public Education Law Passed by Puritans Towns with 50+ households must have a school 1750 – 85% literacy rate
The Enlightenment ► Spread the idea society could be improved by Knowledge Reason Science ► People observed nature, staged experiments, and published findings Benjamin Franklin: Best known American Scientist