Common Congenital Anomalies in Neonate and Children

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Presentation transcript:

Common Congenital Anomalies in Neonate and Children

Why do we practice pediatric surgery? Is it a branch of general surgery? Is it just the miniaturized surgery of adult? “The whole of surgery applied to a special age group”. Require special consideration Physical. Psychological.

Physical differences : Cell division Adult:-Repair and reproductive Neonate :Allow for growth Healing Power Tremendous healing power Surgery After birth is in transitional state Infection Deffence : builds up slowly,little resistance,passive immunity. Conditions necessitating surgery. -congenital malformation

INGUINAL HERNIA Protrusion abdominal viscus The processus vaginalis The inguinal canal Contens:intestine,omentum,ovary Causa: Failure obliteration of the pr.vag.

Clinical presentation: Bulging in the groin Extending into the scrotum Comes and goes Disappear by digital pressure

Types : a. Lateral inguinal hernia (indirect) b. Medial inguinal hernia (direct) Diff.Diagnosis:Hydrocele,Undescended testis,Abscess,enlarged lymp node. Diagnosis: -Hystory -Physic :reducible bulge in the groin. -If incarcerated :irreducible bulge,severe pain, symtoms of intestinal -obstruction:vomiting,distension and fixed mass in the groin.

GRADATION : - Reducible - Irreducible - Incarcerated - Strangulated

Therapy : Shuld be promply repaired. Ligation of the sac at the internal ring. Complications: wound infection,bleeding,and acute hydrocele. Prognosis:The risk of recurrence 1 in 200.

II. HYDROCELE Definition :Accumulation of fluid in the scrotum. Fluid accumulation in the groin:Hydrocele of the cord. Causa: Failure of obliteration of the processus vaginalis.

Clinical presentation: The sudden appearance of swelling, no pain. Diagnosis:-Physycal examination -Transillumination Therapy: High ligation of the processus vaginalis if hydrocele have not disappeared by the age 2.

III.CYSTIC HYGROMA. Is a form of lymphangioma consisting multilocular cysts. .isolated lesion .associated with cavernous lymphangioma .associated with hemangioma. .asymtomatic mass,soft,mobile,cystic.

Complications: .Respiratory distress .Hemorrage .Infection .Displacement of the tongue.

Diagnosis: -Physical examination -Chest X- ray -USG and CT. Therapy : - Excision. Prognosis : Excellent.

Thank You