VOCs distribution and emission sources impact implication in an urban area in Yangtze River Delta Jie Zhang, Qiuyue Zhao, Guofeng Shen Jiangsu Provincial Academy of Environmental Science

Background Located in YRD Population: 7.6 million Secondary industry: increases at 3% Vehicle population:1 million O3: exceeds standard ~10 days in July and August each VOCs emission: 94 thousand tons in 2012, in which industrial and vehicular contributed 38% and 31%, respectively

Sampling setting Nantong Zilang Hongqiao Xinghu Site Function Date Time Hongqiao Commercial 2014.7.30- 2014.8.01 8:00, 10:00, 12:00,14:00, 16:00, 18:00 Xinghu Industrial 8:00,11:00, 14:00, 17:00 Zilang

Spatial variation Concentration: Alkane > Acetylene > Aromatics > Alkene Hongqiao has relatively higher Alkane and Alkene Higher Aromatics and Acetylene was observed in Zilang

OFP daytime variation Xinghu Hongqiao Zilang The OFP of Alkane and Alkene showed an increase in the morning then dropped in the afternoon in Hongqiao The OFP remained at a same level during the day in Xinghu The OFP of Aromatics increased dramatically in the afternoon in Zilang

OFP contribution Hongqiao Xinghu Zilang

VOCs species concentration Correlation ETHANE ACETYLENE N-PENTANE PROPANE N-BUTANE TOLUENE 1 0.84 0.81 0.96 0.78 0.90 0.79 0.89 0.92 0.82 0.88 Common emission source was suggested by the good correlation between top VOCs

Sources identification Fresh combustion sources Industry dominated T/B=2 Vehicle dominated Industrial VOC emission intensity Hongqiao Zilang Xinghu The average T/B is 2.9, suggesting industrial sources contributed more than that of vehicles High Acetylene/CO ratio indicates the VOCs emissions was largely influenced by petroleum industry sources

Conclusion Higher alkane and alkene was observed in Hongqiao, and higher aromatics and acetylene was in Zilang P-xylene and toluene contributed 25% to 35% of the OFP, indicating solvent using to be the most important source, especially in Zilang site. N-pentane and acetylene consisted 17-23% of the OFP, suggesting petroleum industry and vehicle emissions to be another big contributor. The most abundant VOCs species were concentration is ethane, acetylene and n-pentane, etc, which were from common emission sources. Industrial sources is the major contributor for VOCs in Nantong

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