QOD 12/09/14 What do you think the word “imperialism” means? What man helps overthrow British rule from India?

GANDHI

IMPERIAL INDIA & CHINA

When one group rules another group. Reasons: Money Land Goods IMPERIALISM

BRITISH EAST INDIA COMPANY English Joint-Stock Company Company ruled a country Harvested tea, indigo dye, salt, and opium Forced education and army Harsh rule, Indians rebel

1857 Indian soldiers New Rifles Bite off the end of an ammunition cartridge Pork and beef fat as grease Offends Muslims and Hindus THE SEPOY MUTINY

“Jewel in the Crown” British Raj – Raj = Rule Indians have little influence British believed to be “culturally superior” Prejudice against Indians INDIA AS A COLONY

CHANGES IN INDIA The British share their culture with the Indian people: English is taught Christianity is spread Some Indian customs are banned Some Indians were resentful of the changes to their culture because of British rule.

Large railroad network Move troops Move (British) goods to sell! Raw Materials Cotton Tea Indigo British close Indian textile mills Prevent competition

BACKGROUND Former British colony Indians fight in WWII – Rise in Nationalism Demand independence “Quit India” movement Peaceful protests Drive British from India

CONFLICT Hindu vs. Muslim Muslims demand a separate nation Partition 1947 – Britain leaves East / West Pakistan – Muslim India – Hindu

VIOLENCE Millions forced to move Riots / Killings during migration Ghandi killed Angry Hindu shot him Kashmir North border of India/Kashmir Still a conflict

MODERN INDIA Agriculture / Service Industries Population Problem: 1.2 Billion Wealth Differences Caste system

CHALLENGES Pakistan (East vs. West) Far away Civil War for Independence Bangladesh Poor Floods

Pakistan Terrorism Religious conflict Nuclear Weapons Pakistan vs. India Ethnic / Religious conflicts