Warm-Up  Describe 2 similarities and 2 differences between Japan’s and Europe’s Feudal systems.  What is the Mandate of Heaven?  Use the mandate of heaven in a sentence.

ABSOLUTISM Chapter 18

I. Divine Right of Kings A. After the weakening of the Catholic Church, monarchs gained more power B. Divine Right of Kings- idea that God gives kings power and should not be challenged C. Absolutism- monarchs with absolute power ( )

II. Role of Religion and the rise of the Nation-state A. Europe was divided into Catholic (Spain, France, Italy) and Protestant (Central and Northern Europe, England) B. Religious minorities were attacked and many wars of religion. 1. Philip II- sent the Spanish armada (great navy) against England under the Protestant Queen Elizabeth but failed Edict of Nantes made Catholicism the religion of France but allowed freedom of worship, but was later revoked by Louis XIV.

II. Role of Religion and the rise of the Nation-state C. After the Thirty Years War ( ) in the Holy Roman Empire (Germany), each country could choose their own religion. D. Marked the beginning of the nation-state- country whose identity and authority comes from a people group.

Elizabeth & Spanish Armada ?’s  What does Elizabeth do to rally her troops? What are some key things that she says?  Would you follow someone like Elizabeth I?  What strategy do the English use on the Spanish?  Who were the key players in the battle?

Warm-Up  Turn to pg What is the Palace of Versailles? 2. What could be a problem with the government living at the Palace of Versailles? 3. Can you see any similarities between this and any other monument?  Palace of Versailles Palace of Versailles

III. Monarchs Seek More Power A. In France, Louis XIV (r ) was the greatest absolute monarch during France’s golden age 1. Controlled all of the government and society 2. Build Versailles palace for nobles to live with him 3. France had large gap between nobles and commoners

III. Monarchs Seek More Power B. In Russia, tsars (emperors) centralized power 1. Ivan the Terrible (Quick Bio)Quick Bio 1. Became the first tsar by fighting the Mongols and controlling the nobles. 2. Peter the Great a. Modernized Russia by westernizing it—built modern European army, industry, education and fashions. b. Build a new capital, St. Petersburg to get a warm water port

III. Monarchs Seek More Power C. In England, Parliament (elected legislature) and kings fought for power. 1. English Civil War ( ) a. Charles I defied Parliament which led to open rebellion and then his execution b. After 10 years, the monarch was restored

III. Monarchs Seek More Power 2. Glorious Revolution (1688) a. Parliament scared off James II, then asked William and Mary to be their monarchs in a bloodless revolution. b. England became a constitutional monarchy—king shares power with Parliament and must follow the law. c. English Bill of Rights—gave more power to Parliament and established basic rights. D. Austria and Prussia were German speaking countries that fought each other for dominance.

What were the 3 Islamic civilizations we talked about? What is a fact about each one? What similarities can you find between Asia and Europe during this time period?

“Kill the Fly” Palace at Versailles Kublai Khan Marco PoloYuan Dynasty Charles IFranceSafavid Empire IstanbulSamuraiNation-state30 Years War Mughal Empire Philip IIMehmet II TyphoonsJanissariesJapanForbidden City Cardinal Richelieu Shah JahanZheng He Glorious Revolution Oliver Cromwell Suleiman the Magnificent Louis XIVBushidoWilliam and Mary Westernize Peter the Great Maria Theresa Genghis Khan Feudal System Ivan the Terrible Frederick IIElizabeth I