Slide 1 of 17 chemistry

© Copyright Pearson Prentice Hall Slide 2 of 17 Carbohydrates This cicada is shedding its old exoskeleton and forming a new one. An arthropod’s exoskeleton is made of a polymer called chitin, which belongs to a class of organic molecules known as carbohydrates. You will learn about the structures and functions of carbohydrates. 24.2

© Copyright Pearson Prentice Hall Carbohydrates > Slide 3 of 17 Monosaccharides Where is glucose found abundantly in nature? 24.2

Slide 4 of 17 © Copyright Pearson Prentice Hall Carbohydrates > Monosaccharides Carbohydrates are monomers and polymers of aldehydes and ketones that have numerous hydroxyl groups attached; they are made up of carbon, hydrogen, and oxygen. 24.2

Slide 5 of 17 © Copyright Pearson Prentice Hall Carbohydrates > Monosaccharides The simplest carbohydrate molecules are called simple sugars, or monosaccharides. Glucose and fructose are examples of monosaccharides. Glucose is abundant in plants and animals. 24.2

Slide 6 of 17 © Copyright Pearson Prentice Hall Carbohydrates > Monosaccharides Carbohydrates are the most abundant sources of energy in food. 24.2

Slide 7 of 17 © Copyright Pearson Prentice Hall Carbohydrates > Monosaccharides 24.2

Slide 8 of 17 © Copyright Pearson Prentice Hall Carbohydrates > Monosaccharides 24.2

© Copyright Pearson Prentice Hall Carbohydrates > Slide 9 of 17 Disaccharides and Polysaccharides How can the cyclic forms of two simple sugars be linked? 24.2

Slide 10 of 17 © Copyright Pearson Prentice Hall Carbohydrates > Disaccharides and Polysaccharides The cyclic forms of two simple sugars can be linked by means of a condensation reaction. A sugar such as sucrose that forms from two monosaccharides in this way is known as a disaccharide. 24.2

Slide 11 of 17 © Copyright Pearson Prentice Hall Carbohydrates > Disaccharides and Polysaccharides 24.2

Slide 12 of 17 © Copyright Pearson Prentice Hall Carbohydrates > Disaccharides and Polysaccharides The polymers produced by the linkage of many monosaccharide monomers are called polysaccharides. Starches, the major storage form of glucose in plants, are polysaccharide polymers that consist of glucose monomers. 24.2

Slide 13 of 17 © Copyright Pearson Prentice Hall Carbohydrates > Disaccharides and Polysaccharides 24.2

© Copyright Pearson Prentice Hall Slide 14 of 17 Section Quiz -or- Continue to: Launch: Assess students’ understanding of the concepts in Section 24.2 Section Quiz

© Copyright Pearson Prentice Hall Slide 15 of Section Quiz. 1.Many carbohydrates have the general formula a.C n (H 2 O) 2n. b.(COH) n. c.C n (OH) 2n. d.C n (H 2 O) n.

© Copyright Pearson Prentice Hall Slide 16 of Section Quiz. 2.Sucrose is an example of a a.starch. b.polysaccharide. c.monosaccharide. d.disaccharide.

© Copyright Pearson Prentice Hall Slide 17 of Section Quiz. 3.Choose the correct words for the spaces. Starches are polymers formed by linking together ________ molecules in a condensation reaction that eliminates ________ molecules. a.glucose, water b.fructose, hydrogen c.sucrose, carbon dioxide d.glucose and fructose, water

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