Naming Acids Objectives: To learn how the anion composition determines the acid’s name.

What is an Acid? An acid is a substance that when dissolved in water, produces the H + ion. These substances, which are called acids, were first recognized by the sour taste of their solutions.

Acids make hydrogen ions in water When acids are put into water they split into ions Any compound that makes the H + ion is considered an acid

How do I know if a compound is an acid? The best way is to look at the formula of a couple of acids and see what they have in common. Common acids include: HClH 2 SO 4 H 3 PO 4 HFH 2 S What do they have in common? They start with the element hydrogen

Exceptions H 2 O is not an acid H 2 is the element hydrogen. It isn’t a acid either. On your paper circle the compounds that are acids

Acids with ions ending in -ide All acids have anions. Identify the anions that are contained in the acids below. HCl _______________________ HBr ____________________ HCN ____________________

Binary Acids List the rules for naming acids of this type (ions that end in –ide) 1. Say hydro- 2. Then say the stem Cl - chlor Br - -brom F - -fluor S 2- -sulfur and so on … 3. Then say acid

How are acids named? Start by observing that there are two different kinds of acids. -ide ending-ate or -ite ending

Naming acids without oxygen in them Name HCl HCl Hydrochloricacid Name HBr HBr Hydrobromicacid

Identify the polyatomic ions that are contained in the acids below HNO 3 Nitrate HNO 2 Nitrite HClO 3 Chlorate HClO 2 Chlorite

Separate the ions into -ate and -ite HNO 3 Nitrate HNO 2 Nitrite HClO 3 Chlorate HClO 2 Chlorite

When naming acids that contain polyatomic ions whose names end in –ate 1st change the –ate to ______________ and then say _________________ When naming acids that contain polyatomic ions whose names end in –ite 1st change the –ite to ______________ and then say _________________

Name the acids below using the rules I just taught you. HNO 3 ________________________ HNO 2 __________________________ HClO 3 _________________________ HClO 2 _________________________

Name the acids HCN hydrocyanic acid H 2 C 2 O 4 Oxalic acid

Name the acids below using the rules I just taught you. HCl H 2 CO 3 HNO 2 HC 2 H 3 O 2 HBr

H 2 SO 4 and H 3 PO 4 SO 4 2- is sulfate. PO 4 3- is phosphate. However, H 2 SO 4 is sulfuric acid not sulfic acid and H 3 PO 4 is phosphoric not phosphic acid.

Here are some polyatomic ions that are not on page 100 BrO 4 - Perbromate BrO 3 - Bromate IO 3 - is Iodate PO 3 3- is phosphite C 2 O 4 2- is oxalate